tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-16278355180955655582024-02-22T13:19:08.212-08:00Buddhist Worldတကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.comBlogger69125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-55636475402040677052012-12-25T23:44:00.004-08:002012-12-25T23:44:56.002-08:00ကုိယ္ ေတြ႔ႀကဳံဖူးတဲ့ မွတ္တမ္း<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> <img alt="" class="fbPhotoImage img" height="300" id="fbPhotoImage" src="http://sphotos-e.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-prn1/45051_458064330895673_22171798_n.jpg" width="400" /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<h3 class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><u><span style="color: magenta;">ကုိယ္ ေတြ႔ႀကဳံဖူးခဲ့တဲ့ မွတ္တမ္း </span></u></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">မနက္ေစာေစာ အလင္းေရာင္က စာေရးသူရဲ႕
စိတ္ကူးေနတဲ့ အာရုံေပၚကုိ ခစားဝင္ေရာက္လ်က္... ဟုိတေန႔က ႏုိင္ငံျခားေနရတဲ့
အေတြ႔အၾကဳံ တစ္ခု ရလုိက္ပါတယ္။ အဲဒါနဲ႔ စာေရးသူ အေနျဖင့္ ကုိလံဘုိျမဳိ႕က
အေတြ႔အၾကဳံေလးကုိ တင္ျပခ်င္ပါတယ္။ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">အဲဒါက ဘာလဲဆုိေတာ့ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔စာအုပ္ အသစ္လုပ္ရင္
ငါးႏွစ္ သက္တမ္းရျပီဆုိတာနဲ႔ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ အေဟာင္းေလးကေန
အသစ္ေျပာင္းဖုိ႔အတြက္ သက္ဆုိင္ရာ ေက်ာင္း နာယကေတြဆီက လုိအပ္တဲ့ စာရြက္စာတမ္းေတြ
ေတာင္းျပီး ျဖည့္သင့္တဲ့ စာမ်ားကုိ ျဖည့္စြက္ကာ စာေရးသူတုိ႔ ေနေသာ ေနရာႏွင့္
သိပ္မေဝးေသာ ျမန္မာသံရုံးကုိ တကၠစီ ကားေလးျဖင့္ ေရာက္ခဲ့ပါတယ္။<br />
<br />
စာေရးသူလည္း ျမန္မာသံရုံးကိုေရာက္ၿပီး သံရုံးဧည့္ခန္းမွာ ေခတၱ ထုိင္ေနကာ
ပတ္စ္ပို႕ အသစ္လာလုပ္ေၾကာင္း အေၾကာင္းၾကားလုိက္ပါတယ္။ ျဖစ္ခ်င္ေတာ့ အဲဒီေန႕က
ပတ္စ္ပို႕ပုံမွန္လဲတဲ့ လူေတြကို အၿမဲလုပ္ေပးေနၾက ၀န္ထမ္း အန္တီႀကီး
ခြင့္ယူထားတာ သိရပါတယ္။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ဒါေပမဲ့ ေကာင္တာမွာရွိတဲ့ ေဒသခန္႕၀န္ထမ္းရဲ႕
အေၾကာင္းၾကားေပးမႈေၾကာင့္ ျမန္မာသံရုံးကုိ ေရာက္ျပီး သိပ္မၾကာခင္မွာပဲ စာေရးသူ
ထုိင္ေနေသာ ဧည့္ခန္းဘက္သုိ႔ အရပ္ ရွည္ရွည္ႏွင့္ လူလတ္ပုိင္း <a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1627835518095565558" name="13bd37a405c88c05_OLE_LINK3"></a><a href="http://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1627835518095565558" name="13bd37a405c88c05_OLE_LINK4"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: 13bd37a405c88c05_OLE_LINK3;">ဒါကာမၾကီး</span> တစ္ေယာက္
ေျခလွမ္း ၾကဲၾကဲႏွင့္ သြတ္လက္စြာ ေရာက္ရွိလာပါတယ္။ ဒါကာမၾကီးက သံရုံး
ရုိးရုိးဝန္ထမ္း တစ္ဦးလုိ႔ စာေရးသူ အေနနဲ႔ ထင္မိပါတယ္။ ဒါေပမဲ့ စာေရးသူ ထင္တဲ့
ရုိးရုိး ဝန္ထမ္း မဟုတ္ပါ။ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4.5pt; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">စာေရးသူ အေနနဲ႕ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ အေဟာင္းမွ
အသစ္ ေျပာင္းရန္အတြက္ အေတြ႔အၾကဳံကလည္း မရွိေတာ့ ဘာလုပ္လုိ႔ ဘာကုိင္ရမွန္း မသိေအာင္ ျဖစ္မိပါတယ္။
ဒါနဲ႔ စာေရးသူလည္း ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ ႏွင့္ လုိအပ္သည့္ စာရြက္စာတမ္းမ်ားကုိ ခုနက
ေရာက္လာေသာ ဒါကာမၾကီးအား အကူညီေတာင္းျပီး စာေရးသူက ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ႏွင့္
ဖုိင္စာရြက္ေလးမ်ား လွမ္းေပးလုိက္ျပီး လုိအပ္တာေလးမ်ား ေျပာေပးပါဦးလုိ႔
ေျပာလုိက္ပါတယ္။ ဒါကာမၾကီးက ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ႏွင့္ ျဖည့္စြက္ၿပီး စာဖုိင္မ်ားကုိ
ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာ ၾကည့္ျပီး စာေရးသူကုိ လုိအပ္တာေတြကုိ အေသးစိတ္အားျဖင့္
ရွင္းျပေပးပါတယ္။ စာေရးသူလည္း ဒါကာမၾကီး ရွင္းျပခ်က္ေတြကုိ ေသခ်ာနားေထာင္ေနၿပီး
လိုအပ္တာေလးမ်ားထပ္မံျဖည့္စြက္ရန္ မွတ္သားလိုက္ပါတယ္..။<br />
<br />
အခ်ိန္အားျဖင့္ နာရီဝက္ ဝန္းက်င္ေလာက္ၾကာေအာင္ ရွင္းျပျပီးေနာက္ စာေရးသူလည္း
လုိအပ္သည့္ အခ်က္အလက္ မ်ားနွင့္ စာမ်ားကုိ ထပ္မံျဖည့္စြက္လုိက္ပါသည္။
လိုအပ္သည္မ်ားထပ္မံျဖည့္စြက္ျပီးေသာအခါ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ႏွင့္ ဆုိင္ရာ
စာရြက္စာတမ္းမ်ားအား ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာ ရွင္းျပေပးေသာ ဒါကာမၾကီးထံ ေပးအပ္လုိက္ပါသည္။ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ထုိ႔အျပင္ မပင္မပန္း ရွင္းျပေနေသာ သံရုံးက အမည္မသိ ဒါကာမၾကီးကုိလည္း
ေက်းဇူး အထူးတင္ပါေၾကာင္း ေျပာၾကားလုိက္ေတာ့ ျပဳံးရႊင္စြာျဖင့္ ျပန္ျပီးေျပာပါတယ္။
ျပီးေတာ့ သံရုံး ဝန္ထမ္း ဒါကာမၾကီးကလည္း စာေရးသူ၏ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ႏွင့္ စာရြက္စာတမ္း
ဖုိင္မ်ားကုိ ယူကာ ဧည့္ခန္းမမွ ျပန္လည္ထြက္ခြာသြားပါတယ္။</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<br />
ေခတၱအားျဖင့္ စာေရးသူလည္း ဧည့္ခန္းထဲမွာ ဆက္လက္ထုိင္ေနပါသည္။ တစ္ဆယ့္ငါးမိနစ္ေလာက္
အၾကာမွာ ခုနက ဒါကာမၾကီး ဧည့္ခန္းထဲသုိ႔ ျပန္လည္ေရာက္လာပါတယ္။ ဒါနဲ႔ စာေရးသူလည္း
ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ ကိစၥႏွင့္ပတ္သက္ျပီး အျခားလုိအပ္ခ်က္မ်ား ရွိ-မရွိ ထပ္မံ ေမးေနမိျပန္ပါတယ္။
အဲဒီ ဒါကာမၾကီးက အကုန္လုံး ရပါျပီ ...လုိ႔ စာေရးသူကုိ ျပန္ေျပာပါတယ္။ စာေရးသူလည္း
အားရဝမ္းသာ စကားမ်ားႏွင့္ ႏႈတ္ဆက္ စကားေျပာၾကားျပီး ျမန္မာ့သံရုံးမွ ျပန္လည္
ထြက္ခြာခဲ့ပါသည္။<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">လမ္းခုလပ္ ကားေပၚမွာ.. သံတမန္ ဝန္ထမ္းဆုိတာ တကယ့္ ေစတနာ ထားျပီး
လုပ္ကုိင္ ေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးတဲ့ လူေတြပါလား လုိ႔ စာေရးသူ စဥ္းစားမိပါတယ္။ ဒါဟာ
ကုိယ့္ေတြ႔ ၾကဳံေတြ႔လုိ႔ ေျပာမိတဲ့ စကားပါ။ တဖက္သက္ နင္းျပီး ေျပာတဲ့ စကားေတာ့
မဟုတ္ပါဘူး။ စာေရးသူအေနနဲ႔ ေစတနာ့ ဝန္ထမ္း ဆုိတာေလး ေပၚလြင္ေစခ်င္ပါတယ္။ တကယ္လည္း
လုပ္ေဆာင္ေပးခဲ့တယ္။ ထုိ႔အတြက္လည္း ကုိလံဘုိ ျမန္မာ့သံရုံးက လိုအပ္သည္ မ်ားကို
အေသးစိတ္ စိတ္ရွည္ရွည္ ေျပာျပေပးတဲ့ သံရုံး ဝန္ထမ္း ဒါကာမၾကီးကုိ
အထူးေက်းဇူးတင္လုိ႔ မဆုံးေအာင္ ျဖစ္မိသည့္ အေၾကာင္း တစ္လမ္းလုံး စဥ္းစားရင္း
အေဆာင္သုိ႔ ျပန္ေရာက္ခဲ့ပါသည္။<br />
<br />
ေနာက္နွစ္ရက္ ေန႔လည္ခင္းတြင္ စာေရးသူသည္ ေက်ာင္းကိစၥႏွင့္ ကုိယ္
လုပ္စရာရွိတာ လုပ္ကုိင္ျပီး တေန႔က
တင္ထားခဲ့ေသာ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ ယူရန္ တကၠစီ ကားေလးကုိ ငွား၍ ျမန္မာသံရုံး
ရွိရာသုိ႔ သြားေရာက္ခဲ့ျပန္သည္။ တေန႔က ေတြ႔ခဲ့သည့္ သံရုံး ဝန္ထမ္း
ဒါကာမၾကီးႏွင့္ စာေရးသူတုိ႔
ေနာက္တစ္ၾကိမ္ ထပ္မံ ေတြ႔ဆုံျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ထုိအခ်ိန္မွာ စကားမစပ္
စာေရးသူက အားကိုးတၾကီး
ဝန္ထမ္း ဒါကာမၾကီးအား လွမ္းေမးလုိက္ပါတယ္။ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ဒါကာမၾကီးေရ... တေန႔က ဘုန္းႀကီး
တင္ထားခဲ့တဲ့ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ စာအုပ္ႏွင့္ ပတ္သက္ျပီးေတာ့ ဒီေန႔ ရႏုိင္ျပီလား လုိ႔
ေမးလုိက္ပါတယ္။ သံရုံး ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူက ဒီေန႔ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ သက္တမ္း ငါးနွစ္ရွိတဲ့
စာအုပ္အသစ္ ရနိုင္ပါျပီ။ ခဏေနရင္ လက္ေဗြႏွိပ္ဖုိ႔ ေခၚေပးပါမယ္ လုိ႔ ျပန္လည္
ေျဖၾကားေပး ခဲ့ပါတယ္။ စာေရးသူလည္း သံရုံး ဧည့္ခန္းထဲမွာ ထုိင္ရင္း စားပြဲေပၚက
သတင္းစာေစာင္ေလး ေကာက္ယူကာ ဖတ္ေနလုိက္သည္။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 12.0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">ဆယ္မိနစ္ေလာက္အၾကာမွာ စာေရးသူ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ စာအုပ္အတြက္ လက္ေဗြႏွိပ္ဖုိ႔ရန္
ဝန္ထမ္းတစ္ဦးက ေခၚေဆာင္ သြားပါတယ္။ စာေရးသူလည္း ဧည့္ခန္းမွ ထ၍ ဝန္ထမ္း
ေခၚေဆာင္ရာသုိ႔ လုိက္ပါသြားခဲ့ပါသည္။ ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူက စာေရးသူကုိ ဒီေနရာမွာ
လက္ေဗြႏွိပ္ေပးပါ လုိ႔ ေျပာေပးပါတယ္။ ျပီးေတာ့ စာေရးသူ စိတ္တုိင္းက် sign ထုိးရန္
ညြန္ျပေပးပါတယ္။ ဒါနဲ႔ စာေရးသူလည္း စိတ္တုိင္းက် sign ကုိ ေရးလုိက္ ဖ်က္လုုိက္နဲ႔
အၾကိမ္ၾကိမ္ေရးဆြဲလည္း စိတ္တုိင္းမက် ျဖစ္ေနမိတယ္။</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">စိတ္ရွည္ရွည္နဲ႔ ေစာင့္ဆုိင္းေပးသူက
ဝန္ထမ္း၊ အခ်ိန္ဆြဲသူက စာေရးသူ ျဖစ္ေနသလုိ ျဖစ္ေနပါတယ္။ ေနာက္ဆုံး ငါးၾကိမ္ေျမာက္
sign ထုိးပုံစံကုိ စိတ္တုိင္းျဖစ္ေတာ့ ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူကုိ စာေရးသူက ရပါျပီ လုိ႔
ေျပာလုိက္ပါတယ္။ ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူကလည္း စိတ္တုိင္းက်ျပီလား လုိ႔ ျပန္ေျပာေပးေတာ့
စာေရးသူက ရပါျပီးလုိ႔ ေျပာလုိက္ပါတယ္။ ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူက စာေရးသူ စိတ္တုိင္းက်
ျဖစ္ျပီးေသာ လက္မွတ္ကုိ ယူ၍ ဆက္လက္ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ကုိ လုပ္ေဆာင္ေနပါတယ္။ ဝန္ထမ္းက
အကုန္လုံး ရပါျပီ... အျပင္မွာ ခဏေလး ေစာင့္ေပးပါလုိ႔ ေျပာေပးပါတယ္။ စာေရးသူလည္း
အခန္းထဲမွ ထြက္ခြာ၍ ဧည့္ခန္းထဲသုိ႔ ျပန္ဝင္လာခဲ့ပါတယ္။ ဧည့္ခန္းထဲမွာ စာေရးသူ
ထုိင္ေစာင့္ရင္း သတင္းစာေစာင္ကုိ ဟုိၾကည့္ ဒီၾကည့္ႏွင့္ ဟုိစာ ဒီစာ
သတင္းစာေလးေတြကုိ ေကာက္ဖတ္ေနမိပါတယ္။<br />
<br />
သိပ္မၾကာခင္မွာ စာအုပ္ ဖုိင္တစ္ခုနဲ႔ ေစတနာ အျပည့္ လုပ္ေပးတဲ့ ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူ
ေရာက္လာပါတယ္။ ဒါနဲ႔ စာေရးသူလည္း ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူ ေပးေသာ ပတ္စ္ပုိ႔ စာအုပ္ေလးကုိ
လွမ္းယူကာ ဝမ္းသာအားရ ေသေသခ်ာခ်ာ ၾကည့္လုိက္သည္။ ျမန္ျမန္ဆန္ဆန္ ေခ်ာေခ်ာေမြ႔ေမြ႔
ေစတနာပါပါ လုပ္ကုိင္ေပးေသာ သံရုံး ဝန္ထမ္းမ်ားကုိ ေက်းဇူးတင္ေသာ မ်က္စိျဖင့္
စာေရးသူ လွမ္းၾကည့္ျပီး စိတ္ေရာ ကုိယ္ပါ မက်န္ ေသခ်ာေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးသည့္
ဝန္ထမ္းမ်ားၾကားမွ ပတ္စ္ပို႕အသစ္လဲလွယ္မႈအတြက္ အစ အဆုံး ရွင္းလင္းေဆာင္ရြက္ေပးသည့္
လူလတ္ပုိင္း ေထာင္ေထာင္ ေမာင္းေမာင္း ဒါကာမၾကီးနွင့္ ၀န္ထမ္းအား....
စာေရးသူအေနျဖင့္ နာမည္မသိေသာ္ ေက်းဇူး အထူးတင္ပါသည္ ဟု ေျပာၾကားလုိက္ၿပီး
ဝန္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူမ်ားရဲ႕ အမည္ကိုေမးျမန္းမိပါတယ္။ သံရုံး၀န္ထမ္းျဖစ္သူမ်ားက
အမည္နာမမ်ားေျဖၾကားျပီး ၄င္းတို႕အေနနဲ႕ ဒီကုိ လာေရာက္ ေက်ာင္းတက္ေနၾကတဲ့
ျမန္မာျပည္က ေက်ာင္းသားသံဃာေတြ အားလုံးကုိ ေစတနာ အျပည့္ လုပ္ေပးပါတယ္လုိ႔
ေျပာျပန္ေတာ့ စာေရးသူလည္း ပုိ၍ ဝမ္းသာ ပီတိ ျဖစ္မိပါတယ္ လုိ႔ ေျပာၾကားလုိက္ျပီး
ထို ဒါကာမၾကီး ေဒၚခုိင္ဆုလင္းကုိ ႏႈတ္ဆက္ စကားေျပာၾကားရင္း သံရုံးမွ စာေရးသူ
ျပန္လာခဲ့ပါတယ္။</span><span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္း</span></div>
<br /></div>
တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-25764584580112435442012-09-04T10:11:00.001-07:002012-09-04T10:13:57.798-07:00SAARC International Conference On Archaeology of Buddhism<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkdIAHlPKGtY2iQEwwdpztR_4Ypn__4dTZfkuyRLaXeUD6YBDiudlHTzbeNbfQou36HFIMgawAzdIggX_GhTakzlmK2FGO1TyVOfCUHM-TlR-XwGVO5WVso6lBks6eTOBJzj3fE3cJYx91/s1600/venpunna.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left:1em; margin-right:1em"><img border="0" height="312" width="420" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkdIAHlPKGtY2iQEwwdpztR_4Ypn__4dTZfkuyRLaXeUD6YBDiudlHTzbeNbfQou36HFIMgawAzdIggX_GhTakzlmK2FGO1TyVOfCUHM-TlR-XwGVO5WVso6lBks6eTOBJzj3fE3cJYx91/s320/venpunna.jpg" /></a></div>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/XhodHkndREs?list=UUS2ZjE9iD7LxI67pd6GVKEw&hl=en_US" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-68175262497650450582012-08-07T12:09:00.000-07:002012-08-07T12:09:13.203-07:00Internet as a source of information for Academic purpose with special reference to Buddhist Studies (part One)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="" class="photo_img img" height="342" src="http://a6.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/480088_411197152249058_610150779_n.jpg" width="400" /> <br />
</div>
<br />
<h3 class="uiHeaderTitle" style="color: blue; text-align: center;" tabindex="0">
<i><u>Internet as a source of information for Academic purpose with special reference to Buddhist Studies (part One)</u></i></h3>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<div style="color: #20124d;">
The purpose of this research is to explore the information source
available on the internet for the Academic destination which helps the
successful completion of research on Buddhist Studies and life-long
learning.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
In the world of today information plays a vital role
in the field of research and day to day life. All resources related to
research have increased dramatically over the last several years with
reference to the demands of the information and the technology.
Developments in the system of computer technology provide the means for
the production and storage of ideas, thoughts, research, methodological
research and experiments in digital form.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Among the available information channels the
internet has become a popular resource and it is increasingly used as an
alternative to printed resources. The book production process has been
changed and largely digitized. Nowadays, readers heavily depend on
e-versions. The dissemination of information through this medium has
three main advantages over publication in the traditional manner, as
cost, speed, and ease of access. Other advantages of an electronic
medium include keyword searching and the use of multimedia and hypertext
formats. The Library professionals have identified the new trend and
started to acquire the e-resources to cater to their patrons
effectively.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>Nature of Internet</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
The internet is a global system of computer
networks. It began in the late 1960s. It is becoming increasingly
widespread. The Internet contains a wealth of information on a variety
of subjects and it allows rapid transfers of data, messages, documents,
sound, and images. The Internet consists of huge information as an
encyclopedia of whole branches of universal knowledge. The volume of
information you will find on the internet is amazing. Mostly sources on
the Internet are often more up-to-date than sources in paper format.
Sometimes, user has ever wondered at the information available on the
net in many different perspectives on a single topic. It is visible that
some particular topics or key words on internet are enriching with
accurate, applicable, and informative information while some are
overwhelming with inapplicable information. The reason for that is
anyone can publish anything on the internet without considering their
capabilities or code of ethics. Hence user must assess the validity of
the information available on the internet.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>Why people use the Internet?</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
There are number of reason such as:</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To find general information</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To find information for a particular subject</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To conduct surveys</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To conduct research</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To correspond with far away friends (e.g. e-mail)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To meet people, virtually (e.g. facebook)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To discuss their interests with cyber friends (e.g. chatting)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To have fun (e.g. games)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To learn (e.g. online courses)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To read the news</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To find software (e.g. virus guard)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
To buy and sell things</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong><em>Information seeking via the Internet</em></strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Proliferation of information resources coupled with a
lack of Internet skills leads some users into difficulties when
attempting to search and retrieve useful information. But the Internet
is an attractive medium for seeking and obtaining information, for the
following reasons:</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
The Internet is accessible throughout the day.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
The end-user (reader) does not have to visit a library.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
It is possible to find and obtain information relatively, quickly and conveniently.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
The end-user can choose between saving, printing or reading information from the computer screen.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
One of the great things about the internet is that it puts
information at finger tips, but it is not easy to access information
which user need and available elsewhere. The Internet provides access to
unlimited sources of information and search engines are continuously
being upgraded to provide efficient way to help users to find what they
want.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong><em>Internet usage for Academic purpose</em></strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Obtaining and handling information efficiently is
one of great importance to Academics to do a research proficiently.
Researchers follow different ways and means to obtain and handle
information efficiently. To success this process mostly they get help
from libraries and computers. Now computers have become an integral part
of the lives of scholars and researchers. Especially Computers with
internet connection have changed the information seeking behavior of
Academics in advance.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Internet is an information source which is used as a
vehicle for higher education, to seek information by Academics. It has
become an integral element of Academic research and study. Internet has
radically changed the global availability of scholarly publications.
Today, a substantial part of the resources accessible for researchers
and university students are offered through electronic sites and supply
of easily obtainable information larger than ever. It is open
twenty-four hours of the day and communication can be carried on at all
hours without considering the distance. Modern today, internet is very
much popular as an excellent research tool.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
The most important form of education is the exchange
of ideas and opinions between students and lecturers, and among
researchers. Internet makes a great contribution to success of this
process. It enriches with more scholarly information generated by
Academics. Further it can be found that there are a number of
digitization projects of historical, primary documents on the Web, many
of them sponsored by Academic institutions.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Sometimes, a large amount of information is
available but it does not have systematic editing or expert review of
web-published material. Academic user must be aware of this and need to
critically analyze the retrieved information before applying it in any
way, in particular for research or any other Academic purpose.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Academic can locate “scholarly information” on the
Web through the followings and the facilities available under those
sites are listed.</div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong><em>Google Scholar</em></strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Searches library catalogs for book and monographs.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Find articles from online scholarly journals</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Full access to these publications may be restricted to subscribers*</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Directory of Open Access Journals</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Selection criteria are in place within these publications, consistent
with copyright, editorial review, authority, and other ideas linked
with traditional scholarly publishing (in print)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Quality Controlled</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Freely Accessible</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Research Oriented</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
(400) Journals are searchable</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>OAIster</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
A searchable directory of Open Access Initiative compatible resources includes:</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Digital Repositories (research produced by members of a scholarly
community, i.e. research publications by faculty members at a
University; here is a link to pace digital repository, the
DigitalCommons@pace)</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Open Access Journals</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>Images and other primary sources</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
As well the Internet allows study group to work
online, and tutorials can be carried out as electronic discussions. In
all these ways, the Internet creates an environment where energetic
discussion and debate. Internet is faster means of acquiring knowledge
to compared books.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Usefulness of the internet to scholars depends on
their competency in copying with the technology and their ability to
search effectively to select required, appropriate information. On the
other hand, Web can be searched typically hundreds or thousands of pages
with some relation to the topic, within seconds. Some pages present
news and results of the original researches to scholars and
professionals. In this manner, Internet enhances the Academic quality of
the educational activities and researches.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>Internet as a source of Information for Buddhist Studies</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Buddhism is the fourth largest world religion with around
376 million followers. Buddhism has a strong influence primarily in East
Asian religion such as Myanmar, Thailand, Sri Lanka, South Korea,
Vietnam, Cambodia, Lao, Japan and parts of India. There are two major
sects of Buddhism which are Theravada (124 million) and Mahayana (185
million).</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Buddhism is a religion which can be viewed from many
angles and embodied with the vast primary and secondary literature. In
the past three decades, personal interest in Buddhism has dramatically
grown in the world and it has been accompanied by an increased number of
Buddhist books and scholarly studies. As a result an increasing number
of Buddhists and non-Buddhist have become Academic scholars. In come
non-Buddhist countries, there is lack of printed information sources to
disseminate the Teachings of the Buddha. But now it is very much easy to
download the required information though the Internet sources.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Past researches revealed that in early eighty’s humanity
scholars such as Buddhist Studies scholars were viewed as anti-machines.
They did not involve much with technology. Presently it is changed and
they are adjusting to the new trend. The Internet plays a significant
role to promote all Buddhist traditions and disseminate the Buddhist
literature throughout the world. Hence, researchers can easily browse
all of the relevant and available literature of Buddhist studies on the
Internet as an endless source of information. Internet supports the
globalization of Buddhist education, the systematic development of the
Buddha Dhamma, and establishing partnerships with Buddhist institutions
and Buddhist scholars in the worldwide. The researchers who are engaged
in Buddhist Studies can locate scholarly information on the Web through
the followings.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>E-Books</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
E-book is a type of reading material which can be read in
virtual environment. A narrow definition treats an e-book as a digital
object designed to be read on a hanheld reading device or to be listened
to a speech-generating tool. The core of this definition is a digital
object containing an electronic representation of a book. In its digital
from the content of an e-book escapes the pages of an ordinary book
because simply the content is no longer tied physically to paper. An
e-book can in principle be available anywhere through the Internet
accessed any hour of the day.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Scholars can find the vast number of e-books for Buddhist
Studies. Especially, most books can be accessed free of charge. The
buddhanet.net and urbandhramma.org have provided the facility to access
and download more than 1000 e-books related to Buddhist Studies. Some of
them are written by prominent writers of Buddhist studies.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>Online Encylopedias</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
An encyclopedia is a comprehensive written compendium that
holds information from either all branches of knowledge or a particular
branch of knowledge. Encyclopedias are divided into articles with one
article on each subject covered. As a scholar of Buddhist studies you
may need Encyclopedias in advance as a reference tool. Physically
Encyclopedias are heavy volumes which are difficult to handle manually.
But one can use online encyclopedias for Buddhist Studies which helps to
find terms within seconds and no need to bother with thousands of pages
too. There are many free encyclopedias while some are offering a
subscription service. The concept of a new free encyclopedia began with
the Interpedia (the first proposals for an Internet encyclopedia). Some
free online encyclopedias will allow anyone to submit articles and that
would be freely accessible.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Unfortunately, there is no single online encyclopedia fully dedicated
to Buddhism. Wikipedia is a comprehensive online encyclopedia which
covers many disciplines. It includes over 2,896,130 scholarly articles
and many for Buddhist studies too. It is possible to find detailed
information for Buddhism under following headings; Life of the Buddha,
Buddhist Concepts, Practice, History, Schools and traditions, Buddhist
texts and Comparative studies.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
Microsoft Encarta is another online encyclopedia published by
Microsoft Corporation since 1993. Academics can find number of terms
related to Buddhism.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<strong>Online Glossaries</strong></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
A glossary is a list of terms in particular domain of
knowledge with the definitions for those terms. Internet provides the
facility of access to glossaries and scholars can find out some terms
related to Buddhism too. The seekers glossary of Buddhism is example for
an online glossary and it is a compendium of excerpts and quotations
from some 350 works by monks, nuns, professors, scholars and other
laypersons from different countries. It will assist to find the
definition of unfamiliar terms; to gain a broader understanding of
specific Buddhist concepts.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
A glossary of Pali and Buddhist terms is another glossary edited by John
T. Bullitt. This provides the facility to find some terms easily.</div>
<div style="color: #20124d;">
<br /></div>
<div style="color: #20124d; text-align: right;">
Represented By တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္း </div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span style="color: #20124d;">(Online Research Methodology)</span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-17898615984881633372012-07-25T14:35:00.000-07:002012-07-25T14:35:38.795-07:00ဓမၼစက္ အစ ဝါဆုိလ (သံဃာ အစ ဝါဆုိလ)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<img alt="" class="photo_img img" height="400" src="http://a7.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-prn1/547859_407394515962655_1301843818_n.jpg" width="329" /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;"><u><i><span style="color: red;">ဓမၼစက္ အစ ဝါဆုိလ (သံဃာ အစ ဝါဆုိလ) </span></i></u></span></h3>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">တရားခ်စ္ခင္ သာသနာ့ႏြယ္ဝင္ သူေတာ္စဥ္ သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔ အေနအားျဖင့္..</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">(သေႏၶ ေတာထြက္၊ ဓမၼစက္ မိန္႔ျမြက္ လဝါဆုိ) ဆုိတာ သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔ မွတ္သားၿပီးသားျဖစ္မွာပါ။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">(၁) ပဋိသေႏၶတည္သည့္ေန ့-မဟာသကၠရာဇ္-၆၇၊ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ (ၾကာသပေတးေန ့)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">(၂) ေတာထြက္သည့္ေန ့- မဟာသကၠရာဇ္-၉၇၊ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ (တနလၤာေန ့)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">(၃) ဓမၼစၾကၤာတရားဦးေဟာေန ့- မဟာသကၠရာဇ္-၁၀၃၊ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ (စေနေန ့)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">(၄) ေသာတာပန္လူသားစေပၚသည့္ေန ့-မဟာသကၠရာဇ္-၁၀၃၊ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ (စေနေန ့)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">(၅) သံဃာရတနာစေပၚသည့္ေန ့- မဟာသကၠရာဇ္-၁၀၃၊ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ (စေနေန ့)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ထုိ႔အျပင္ လယ္တီဆရာေတာ္ ဘုရားၾကီး၏ ခုႏွစ္ေန႔ ဘုရားရွိခုိးမွာလည္း ေအာက္ပါအတုိင္း ေဖာ္ျပထားပါတယ္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဘုရားျဖစ္ခါ
မိဂဒါသုိ႔ စၾကာေရႊဖဝါး ျဖန္႔ခ်ီသြား၍ ငါးပါးဝဂၢီ စံုအညီႏွင့္ မဟီတစ္ေသာင္း
တိုက္အေပါင္းမွ ခေညာင္း ကပ္လာ နတ္ျဗဟၼာကုိ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ စေန႔ေနဝယ္
ေႂကြေႂကြလ်မ္း တက္ ဓမၼစက္ကုိ မိန္႔ျမြက္ေထြျပား ေဟာေဖာ္ၾကား သည္ တရားနတ္စည္
ရြမ္းတယ္ကုိး။ (လယ္တီ ဆရာေတာ္)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ထုိ႔ေၾကာင့္
မၾကာမွီ ေရာက္ရွိလာေတာ့မည္ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ ဓမၼစၾကၤာ အခါေတာ္ေန႔ဟာ သစၥာေလးပါး၊
အမွန္တရား ကုိ ေဟာျပခဲ့တဲ့ သစၥာ အလင္းေရာင္ ေဆာင္ယူျပသခဲ့တဲ့
ေန႔ထူးေန႔ျမတ္ အခါ သမယ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။ ဓမၼစၾကၤာ-တရားဦး ေဟာၾကားေတာ္မူခဲ့တဲ့
ေနရာေလးကလည္း ရုိးရုိး ရွင္းရွင္းေလးျဖစ္တယ္ဆုိတာ မွန္းဆ ၾကည္ညဳိလုိ႔ရ
ပါတယ္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ျပီးေတာ့ ျမတ္ဗုဒၶေလာင္းလ်ာဟာ ေတာမွာ ဖြားျမင္ေတာ္မူခဲ့ပါတယ္။ (ကပိလဝတ္ျပည္ႏွင့္ ေကာလိယျပည္ အၾကား လုဗၺိနီအင္ၾကင္းေတာ)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ျမတ္ဗုဒၶေလာင္းလ်ာသည္
ေတာမွာ တရားက်င့္ၾကံအားထုတ္ခဲ့တယ္။ ထုိ႔အျပင္ဘုရားျဖစ္ျပန္ေတာ့လည္း
ေနရဥၹရာ ကမ္းေျခႏွင့္ လူသူမနီးတဲ့ ေဗာဓိေညာင္ ပင္ေအာက္မွာ
ဘုရားျဖစ္ေတာ္မူခဲ့ပါတယ္။ (သူေတာ္ေကာင္းတုိ႔ ေပ်ာ္ေမြ႔ရာျဖစ္တဲ့
ဥရုေဝဠေတာ)။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ျမတ္ဗုဒၶ တရားဦး ေဟာၾကားေတာ္မူခဲ့တာလည္း ဣတိပတနေခၚဆုိတဲ့ သားေပါင္းစုံေသာ ေတာထဲမွာပင္ျဖစ္သည္။ (မိဂဒါဝုန္ေတာ)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">လူသုံးပါးတုိ႔၏
ဦးခုိက္ရာျဖစ္ေသာ ျမတ္ဗုဒၶရွင္ေတာ္သည္ ပရိနိဗၺာန္စံဝင္ေတာ့လည္း(
ကုသိနာရုံ) ပင္မ်ဳိးစုံသည့္ ရဂုံသာေမာ အင္ၾကင္းေတာမွာပင္ျဖစ္ေလသည္။
(မလႅာမင္းတုိ႔ စုိက္ပ်ဳိးထားေသာ ရဂုံသာေမာ အင္ၾကင္းေတာ)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဘုရားအစရွိေသာ
ေရွးသူေတာ္ေကာင္းေတြဟာ အရိပ္စုံလွ သာယာလွတဲ့ သစ္ပင္ေတာေတာင္ေတြမွာ
ေမြ႔ေလ်ာ္ၾက တာ သူေတာ္ေကာင္း တုိ႔ အေနနဲ႔ လြန္စြာ မွတ္သားစရာ ေကာင္းပါတယ္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ထုိ႔အျပင္ ဆရာၾကီး မင္းသုဝဏ္ကလည္း မ်ဳိးခ်စ္စိတ္ဓာတ္အတြက္ ေအာက္ပါ ကဗ်ာေလးကုိ ေရးသားသြားသည္ကုိလည္း ေတြ႔ရျပန္တယ္။</span><br />
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">“ဝါဆုိ ဝါေခါင္ ေရေတြႀကီးလို႔</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">သေျပသီးမွည့္ေကာက္စို႔ကြယ္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ခရာဆူးၿခံဳ ဟိုအထဲက</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ေမွ်ာ့နက္မည္းႀကီး တြယ္တတ္တယ္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ေမွ်ာ့နက္ဆိုတာ ခ်ိဳနဲ႔လားကြယ့္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ေႁမြနဂါးေတာင္ ေၾကာက္ဘူးကြယ္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">တုိ႔လည္းေၾကာက္ေပါင္ အတူသြားစို႔</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">အုန္းလက္ႏြားေလး ထားခဲ့မယ္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">သြားမယ္ သြားမယ္။” (ဆရာၾကီး မင္းသုဝဏ္)</span></div>
<a name='more'></a><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">တဖန္ ရဟန္းပညာရွင္ေလးေတြကလည္း ဝါဆုိလျမတ္အတြက္ ေအာက္ပါအတုိင္း ဤကဲ့သုိ႔ ကဗ်ာေရးစပ္လုိ႔ထားသည္ကုိ ေတြ႔ရွိရပါတယ္။</span><br />
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;"><strong>ဝါဆုိလျမတ္ႏွင့္ ဝါကပ္သံဃာေတာ္</strong></span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">အု႔ံမႈိင္းငယ္တဲ့၊ နယ္ရွစ္ခြင္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ေငြစန္း အာသဠွီႏွင့္၊</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ယွဥ္ကာမွီ ပုဏာျပည့္တယ္၊</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ထြန္းသည့္ေဝဟင္။</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">နဘံမွာ ျပာမွိန္ခပါလုိ႔</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဝသႏၱာ ခါခ်ိန္စမွာမုိ႔</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">နာဂိန္ပ တာရာဆင္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">အာကာခြင္က ပဇၨဳန္ဖ်န္း။</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ပဥၥင္းေတာ္ခံ</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">မယြင္းေနာ္ အခါတန္ေပါ့</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">မဟာဒါန္ အဌဂၤငယ္ႏွင့္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဘဂဝါ အရဟံ ရင္ျပင္ဝမွာလ</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">တင္သရန္ မာလာကံုးၾကတယ္</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: center;" style="text-align: center;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ပုန္းညက္ေငြပန္း။ (အရွင္ အလကၤာ)</span></div>
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">သာသနာေတာ္ႏွစ္
၂၅၅၆ ခုႏွစ္၊ ျမန္မာသကၠရာဇ္ ၁၃၇၄ ခုႏွစ္၊ ခရစ္ႏွစ္၂၀၁၂ ခုႏွစ္၊ ယခုႏွစ္
ၾသဂုတ္လ ၂-ရက္ေန႔တြင္ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ ၾကာသပေတးေန႔ ျဖစ္ပါေတာ့ မည္။ ျမန္မာ့
ျပကၡဒိန္အရ ေလးႏွစ္တုိင္း ဝါတစ္ခါ ထပ္သျဖင့္ ပထမဝါဆုိ၊ ဒုတိယဝါဆုိဟု
ခြဲျခားထားရသည္။ သုိ႔တုိင္ ဝါထပ္ႏွစ္တုိင္း ဒုတိဝါဆုိကုိသာ
ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ေန႔ဟု သတ္မွတ္ၾကသျဖင့္ (ပထမ ဒုတိယ ခြဲမေနဘဲ) ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ဟုသာ
႐ုိး႐ုိး ပင္သတ္မွတ္ၾကသည္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဝါဆုိလသည္
အရပ္ရွစ္မ်က္ႏွာတုိင္း မုိးသားတုိ႔ျဖင့္ အုပ္ဆုိင္းေသာ အခ်ိန္သမယ ျဖစ္သည္။
အာသဠွီနကၡတ္ႏွင့္ ယွဥ္ေသာ ၿဂိဳလ္ခြင္ကာလ ျဖစ္သည္။ ဝႆႏၱ မုိးေလးလတုိ႔၏
ဥတုအစ ျဖစ္သည္။ ေကာင္းကင္တစ္ခုလံုး မုိးခ်ဳန္းသံတုိ႔ျဖင့္ တဂ်ိန္းဂ်ိန္း
ျမည္ သံေပးေသာ အခါသမယ ျဖစ္သည္။ ရဟန္းခံ ရွင္ျပဳေသာ ကာလ ျဖစ္သည္။ အျဖဴေရာင္
ပုန္းညက္ပန္းတုိ႔ ပြင့္လန္းရာ ရာသီဦး ျဖစ္သည္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ျမန္မာဆယ့္ႏွစ္လ
ရာသီပြဲေတာ္တြင္ ဝါဆုိလ၏ အဓိပၸါယ္မွာ “ရဟန္းသံဃာေတာ္တုိ႔ မိမိ၏
ေက်ာင္းအရာမ္အတြင္း၌ ဝါတြင္းသံုးလပတ္လံုး အရပ္တစ္ပါးသုိ႔ မေရႊ႕မေျပာင္းဘဲ
ေနထုိင္ သီတင္းသံုးျခင္းကုိ ရည္စူး၍ ဝါဆုိလ ေခၚသည္” ဟု ဖြင့္ဆုိသည္။
ဝါဆုိလတြင္ ရွင္၊ ရဟန္း ပဥၥင္းခံသည့္လဟုလည္း သတ္မွတ္ၾကသည္။ အေၾကာင္းကား
ဝါတြင္းသံုးလအတြင္း ညအိပ္ ခရီးသြားလာခြင့္ မရွိသျဖင့္ ရဟန္း သံဃာေတာ္မ်ား
အစုံအလင္ရွိၾကသည္။ ထုိေၾကာင့္ ရွင္၊ ရဟန္း ခံရန္၊ ျပဳရန္ အတင့္ေတာ္ဆံုးလဟု
ဆုိသင့္ေပသည္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဗုဒၶဘာသာဝင္ျဖစ္ၾကသည့္
ကၽြႏု္ပ္တုိ႔သည္ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ႏွင့္ သက္ဆုိင္သည့္ ဗုဒၶဝင္ အခ်က္အလက္ မ်ားကုိ
သိရွိထားၾကသည္။ က်က္မွတ္ထားၾကသည္။ “သေႏၶ၊ ေတာထြက္၊ ဓမၼစက္၊ ေဟာျမြက္သံခ်ဳိ
လဝါဆုိ” ဟူ၍ ႏႈတ္တက္ေနၾကသည္။ ဗုဒၶရွင္ဘုရား ပဋိသေႏၶ တည္ေတာ္မူျခင္း၊
ထြက္ေတာ္မူ နန္းက ခြါျခင္း၊ တရားဦးဓမၼစၾကာ ေဟာၾကားျခင္းတုိ႔သည္
တုိက္ဆုိင္စြာျဖင့္ ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ေန႔ခ်ည္း ျဖစ္ေနခဲ့ သည္။ ထုိေၾကာင့္လည္း
ဗုဒၶဘာသာ တုိင္းျပည္မွန္သမွ် ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ကုိ ေန႔ထူးေန႔ျမတ္ တစ္ရက္အျဖစ္
သတ္မွတ္ထားၾကျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါသည္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ေရွးေခတ္
ရဟန္းေတာ္မ်ား ခရီးထြက္ရသည္မွာ “သာသနာျပဳခရီး ၾကြခ်ီၾကေလာ့” ဟူေသာ
ျမတ္ဗုဒၶ၏ စကားေတာ္ကုိ လုိက္နာေနၾကျခင္း ျဖစ္သည္။ ျပန္ေျပာင္း တင္ျပရမည္
ဆုိေသာ္- ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ညတြင္ တရားဦးဓမၼစၾကာ နာၾကားျပီး သည့္ေနာက္
ပဥၥဝဂၢီငါးပါးအစုတြင္ အႀကီးဆံုးျဖစ္ေသာ ေကာ႑ညေထရ္ ေသာတာပန္တည္ပါသည္။</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ေက်ာ္
၅-ရက္ေန႔တြင္ ဒုတိယ တရားေတာ္ျဖစ္သည့္ အနတၱလကၡဏသုတ္ေတာ္ကုိ နာၾကားၿပီးေနာက္
ပဥၥဝဂၢီငါးပါးလံုး ရဟႏၱာ ျဖစ္ၾကသည္။ ဘုရားအပါအဝင္ လူသား ၆-ဦး ရဟႏၱာ
ျဖစ္ၾကသည္။ ယသေထရ္ အစရွိေသာ လူသား ၅၅-ဦး ရဟန္းဝတ္ၿပီးေနာက္ ရဟန္းတရား
အားထုတ္သျဖင့္ မဂ္ဖုိလ္ေပါက္ ရဟႏၱာအျဖစ္သုိ႔ ေရာက္ရွိျပန္ သည္။ ထုိႏွစ္
တန္ေဆာင္မုန္းလျပည့္ မတုိင္ခင္ ကာလအေတာအတြင္း လူသား ၆၁-ဦးတုိ႔
ရဟႏၱာျဖစ္ႏွင့္ေနၾကေပၿပီ။ ပါဠိအဆုိကား- ေတန ေခါ ပန သမေယန ဧကသဌိ ေလာေက
အရဟေႏၱာ ေဟာႏၱိ- ထုိအခ်ိန္တြင္ ေလာကႀကီး၌ ၆၁-ပါးေသာ ရဟႏၱာမ်ား
ေပၚေပါက္ခဲ့သည္။(မဟာဝါ ပါဠိေတာ္၊ မဟာခႏၶကဝဂ္)</span><br />
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff6600;" style="color: #ff6600;">ထုိသုိ႔
ရဟႏၱာ ေျခာက္က်ိပ္တစ္ပါး ေပၚထြန္းလာေသာအခါ တစ္ေနရာတည္းတြင္ စုေဝးမေနၾကဘဲ
နယ္လွည့္ သာသနျပဳၾကရန္ ျမတ္ဗုဒၶက မိန္႔ၾကားသည္။ သုိ႔ျဖင့္ ေန႔မအား၊ ညမနား
ရဟန္းေတာ္မ်ား ခရီးထြက္ကာ ျမတ္ဗုဒၶေဒသနာေတာ္ကို ျပန္႔ပြားေအာင္ လုပ္ေဆာင္ေန
ၾကျခင္း ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ ဤသည္ကား ဝါဆုိလျပည့္ ေန႔ထူးေန႔ျမတ္ ျဖစ္ေပၚလာျခင္း၏
အေၾကာင္းရင္းမ်ား ျဖစ္ပါသည္။ သူေတာ္ေကာင္း အားလုံးတုိ႔ ဤဝါဆုိလျပည့္
အေၾကာင္းရင္းကို သိ၍ သာသနာေတာ္ကုိ ဆထက္မက ၾကည္ညဳိႏုိင္ပါေစလုိ႔ ဆႏၵျပဳရင္း
နိဂုံးခ်ဳပ္္လုိက္ပါသည္။</span><br />
<div data-mce-style="text-align: right;" style="text-align: right;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff0000;" style="color: red;">တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္း</span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: right;" style="text-align: right;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff0000;" style="color: red;"><a data-mce-href="http://www.venpunnavamsa.blogspot.com" href="http://www.venpunnavamsa.blogspot.com/">http://www.venpunnavamsa.blogspot.com</a><br /> </span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: right;" style="text-align: right;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff0000;" style="color: red;"><a data-mce-href="http://www.myatminnpoem.blogspot.com" href="http://www.myatminnpoem.blogspot.com/">http://www.myatminnpoem.blogspot.com</a><br /> </span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: right;" style="text-align: right;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff0000;" style="color: red;"><a data-mce-href="http://www.poemscorner.com/author/venpunna" href="http://www.poemscorner.com/author/venpunna">http://www.poemscorner.com/author/venpunna</a></span></div>
<div data-mce-style="text-align: right;" style="text-align: right;">
<span data-mce-style="color: #ff0000;" style="color: red;">http://www.facebook.com/note.php?saved&&note_id=446897318666607</span></div>
<br /></div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-12732591004965310822011-12-11T16:02:00.000-08:002011-12-11T16:02:02.152-08:00Payasi Rajannya Sutta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEPo9b2hnFUv1rWlm0BKb-DMfh_U5TC6KqNzFSMWuazmVBwPrXCkaGlQ7qwMrLsQdIV5S_io9wBcjVVvh21Ir-4cZT6LjMJMdpht0fbXNdG7h44pztq-92QWVcpS_8WQS5OhcbtrPByyEJ/s1600/322.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEPo9b2hnFUv1rWlm0BKb-DMfh_U5TC6KqNzFSMWuazmVBwPrXCkaGlQ7qwMrLsQdIV5S_io9wBcjVVvh21Ir-4cZT6LjMJMdpht0fbXNdG7h44pztq-92QWVcpS_8WQS5OhcbtrPByyEJ/s320/322.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Kumara Kassapa, accompanied by an
assembly of five hundred Bhikkhus, came to the town of Setavvya in Kosala. At
that time Prince Payasi was residing in Setavvya. The Prince had such a wrong
Philosophic view : There is no other world; no beings arise again after death,
there are no consequenceness f good or bad deads. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Prince Payasi visited Venerable Kumara
Kassapa and maintained before him the philosophic view he had adhered to for so
long. He told him about all the experiments he had done so far. He had asked
some friends of his at their death-bed, to come back and tell him the news of
the other world, but none of them had ever come back to tell him about it. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Venerable Kumara Kassapa explained to
him, by means of several similes, that this world does exist, that the other
called Paraloka, and the fruits of one’s good and evil actions also exist. At
least Prince Payasi admitted his error and accepted the discipleship of the
Bhikkhus. After death, Payasi was born among the heavenly beings known as the
Maharajaka of the Four Quarters. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-77690708183183461122011-11-23T01:16:00.000-08:002011-11-23T01:19:49.244-08:00Sitagu Donation Ceremony<a title="View သီတဂူ အာယုဒါန အလွဴေတာ္ on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/73553927/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%90%E1%80%82%E1%80%B0-%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AF%E1%80%92%E1%80%AB%E1%80%94-%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B4%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B9" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">သီတဂူ အာယုဒါန အလွဴေတာ္</a><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/73553927/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-88h6hmr665rjr09a4s" data-auto-height="true" data-aspect-ratio="0.772727272727273" scrolling="no" id="doc_98736" width="100%" height="600" frameborder="0"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">(function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "http://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })();</script>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-74856681050114894182011-11-08T09:58:00.000-08:002011-11-08T09:58:51.968-08:00Mahasatipatthãna Sutta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgA3OJ-D_RlhhUeddM8AVoudAahEPNhKof4frLQrAFbDFXeHtj1Mxn8RvqXhYAR9xJTaqeMr8Cu2Z0zoaAjF6FzoBCkfqsy2nfGnQ_SgJA9wjzxYHg9pghPyy8gfIfKzWcmkMvcddoJPRP3/s1600/156027_144678885584210_100001262996519_247827_493482_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgA3OJ-D_RlhhUeddM8AVoudAahEPNhKof4frLQrAFbDFXeHtj1Mxn8RvqXhYAR9xJTaqeMr8Cu2Z0zoaAjF6FzoBCkfqsy2nfGnQ_SgJA9wjzxYHg9pghPyy8gfIfKzWcmkMvcddoJPRP3/s320/156027_144678885584210_100001262996519_247827_493482_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: center; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">While the Buddha was sojourning through
the market town known as Kammãsa dhamma, in the Kuru country, he addressed the
Bhikkhus thus, "Bhikkhus, this is the one and only way for the
purification (of the minds) of beings, for overcoming sorrow and lamentation,
for the complete destruction of (physical) pain and (mental) distress, for
attainment of the noble (ariya) Magga, and for the realization of Nibbãna. That
(only way) is the practice of the four methods of steadfast Mindfulness
(Satipatthãna)." </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">These four Methods of steadfast
Mindfulness are the contemplation of the body, contemplation of feeling
(sensation), contemplation of the mind, and contemplation of the <i>Dhamma, </i>with
constant awareness. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Kãyãnupassanã (awareness of the Body) : </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Here the Bhikkhu
should either go to a forest, or beneath a tree, or to an empty, solitary place
and then sit cross-legged, keeping the body erect, and the mind alert and
awake. With constant awareness he inhales and with constant awareness he
exhales. This process is called Anãpãna-Sati. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Again he should be fully aware when he
is walking, sitting down, and standing up. Whatever position he is in, he
should be constantly aware of it, as it is. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Again he should constantly be aware when
he advances. He should be aware when he looks straight or sideways. He should
be fully aware when he contracts or straightens his arms and legs. He should be
constantly aware while defecating and urinating. In walking, standing up,
sitting down, lying, awakening from sleep, in talking, in keeping silent, and
doing such things, he should be fully aware of what he is doing.<a name='more'></a>read more </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">He should further observe the body as
full of filth from the soles of the feet to the hair of the head, from the skin
of the head to the soles of the feet, along with the whole body containing hair
of the head, hair of the body, nails, teeth, etc. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Again he should observe the body exactly
as it is composed of different elements such as earth element, water element,
fire element and air element. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Also he meditates on the corpses lying
discarded on the cremation ground, one day old, two days old, three days old,
swollen, turning blue, festering and rotting, and thinks thus, "This body
of mine, too, is of the same nature, it will surely become like that; it cannot
escape such a fate." </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">In
this way the practising Bhikkhu dwells meditating on the body with the
awareness of the corpse. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Vedãnupassanã (Awareness of the Feeling)
: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The
Bhikkhu, when experiencing a pleasant sensation, realizes that he is
experiencing a pleasant sensation. In the same way he remains thoroughly
realizing unpleasant sensation or sensations neither pleasant nor unpleasant.
Thus the alert Bhikkhu dwells on, freed from craving and wrong insight. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Cittãnupassanã (Awareness of Mind) : </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The practising
Bhikkhu, when there is a passion in the mind, should know it as such. When the
mind is freed from passion he should know it as such. In the same way, when the
mind is in a liberated state he should know it as such. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Dhammãnupassanã (Awareness of the <i>Dhamma</i>)
: </span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The
Bhikkhu should realize and experience the nature of the <i>Dhamma </i>such as
the five obstacles, the five sensorial aggregates, the twelve sense-organs, the
seven factors of Enlightenment and the Four Noble Truths. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">These are the four Methods of
Mindfulness. By practicing them, the practitioner is sure to attain, in this
very life, the fruit of Arhatship (the ultimate fruit or stage of liberation,
summum bonum) or, in the event that there is some clinging (upãdãna) remaining
he is sure to attain the third Fruit of Non-Returner, (no more to be born in
this world). This is the Buddha's declaration. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 4pt 0cm; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The
Majjhimanikaya also contains in brief a similar discourse on steadfast
Mindfulness. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-65766591296526257872011-11-05T09:28:00.000-07:002011-11-05T09:28:27.163-07:0016. Mahaparinibbana Sutta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiGbxsKGjyexRjUqsgDhmPbd-Iz-0-hfewiGKepYoEmfrh_PEt-HNvOkU11U9cx8FjN4HSWVk9vahFz3iG0wyW9Yf4tH-BCNXqgHw_YmvXPig-owV3tqrNeVZIBsy6xXiAKD9ocZ1uv3c2/s1600/183754_168362653215833_100001262996519_390668_2393712_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiGbxsKGjyexRjUqsgDhmPbd-Iz-0-hfewiGKepYoEmfrh_PEt-HNvOkU11U9cx8FjN4HSWVk9vahFz3iG0wyW9Yf4tH-BCNXqgHw_YmvXPig-owV3tqrNeVZIBsy6xXiAKD9ocZ1uv3c2/s320/183754_168362653215833_100001262996519_390668_2393712_n.jpg" width="268" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 9pt 0cm 9pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"><br /></span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">When the Buddha was dwelling at
Gijjhakuta in Rajagriha, Ajatasatru, the King of Magadha, sent his minister
Vassakara to the Blessed One for his council regarding the King’s intended
invasion of the Vajja country. The Buddha did not give any direct answer to the
minister but indirectly hinted at the invicibility of the Vajjis. This was on
the occasion of the preaching of seven invincible rules which were applicable
both to the cohesion of the Vajji Republic and the Sangha of the Bhikkhus. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha drew the attention of Ven.
Ananda to the seven invincible Virtues or Norms (Aparihaniya Dhammas) which the
Vijjis were possessed of. He further explained the five categories of these
Dhammas, each having seven-fold feature which the Bhikkhus are required to be
endowed with, also adding. One more category having six-fold feature. The
possession of these Dhammas, the Buddha said, would lead them to their
furtherance, not to their fall. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Therefrom the Buddha went to
Ambalatthika garden. There, too, he taught, as in Rajagriha, the fruits and
merits of conduct (Sila), meditation(Samadhi) and Wisdom (Prajna), which would
influence and completely relieve the mind from defilements. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Thereupon the Buddha went from Rajagriha
to Ambalatthika garden, where he preached a sermon to the Bhikkhus on the
merits of a moral life and the failings of an immoral one, culminating in the
final precept. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">From there, the Buddha came over to the
mango-grave of Pavarika at Nalanda. There, Venerable Sariputta appoached him
and proclaimed with a lion’s roar that there was none other than the Blessed
One who is endowed with the graduated knowledge concerning Enlightenment. He
however admitted that he had said so not entirely on the basis of the knowledge
which is obtained by inference, but from personal experience. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">From Nalanda the Buddha went to
Pataligama. There he preached to all his disciples five defects of an immoral
life and five qualities of a moral one. At that time, Sunidha and Vassakara,
the chief ministers of Magadha were building a fortress at Pataligama in order
to prevent the Vajjis from encroachment. They invited the Buddha and his
disciples for meals at their residence. After the meals, they followed him and
named the gate through which he passed on as the ‘Gotama Gate’ and the ford on
which he crossed the Ganges the ‘Gotama Tirtha.’ </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Reaching the other side of the Ganges,
the Buddha stayed at Kotigama. There he preached on the importance of the four
noble truths, due to the ignorance of which one reverts to the round of
rebirths. Due to knowledge of these four truths, one attains liberation from
the bondage of the world of rebirths. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">From Kotigama the Buddha came to Natika
village. There he told of the destiny of the bhikkhus, bhikkhunies and other
lay disciples who had already passed to the other world. These destiny are said
to be situated in the other world, where the departed ones dwell after their
decease from this material world. He was evidently tired of talking about such
abodes of his departed disciples and hence preaches the mirror of <i>Dhamma, </i>which
would enable anyone, desirous of knowing the abodes of the departed ones in the
other world, to know such abodes by themselves. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Such destiny chiefly are those of hell,
those of beasts, those of spirits (Petas) and those of the lower and higher
stages. These categories of abodes in the next world after one’s decease shows
that these abodes fall under varied stages of development or degradation. By
this mirror of <i>Dhamma </i>one may also know if one has reached a stage
towards enlightenment. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha went from Natika to Vesali.
There he preached on the topic of memory and comprehension of movement.
Ambapali, the courtesan of the city of Vesali, invited the Buddha with the
entire Sangha for a grand dinner the next day. The Buddha accepted it. The
nobles of Vesali offered her millions of rupees, if she would sell this
opportunity to them, but she would not do so for any price. She donated her
mango grove to the Buddha and his Sangha. <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha passed his last sojourn for
the rainy season at the village of Veluna. It was there that he declared : “My
fist is not closed, I’ve hold nothing back as a teacher. I have kept nothing
secret from my disciples. Hence, Ananda, let your island of refuge be you
yourself, do not depend on others; let your island of refuge in <i>Dhamma </i>be
the <i>Dhamma </i>itself, not any other thing else.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">From there, he went, after the meals, to
the Capala shrine for the daytime meditation. There he said that it is possible
to live for the entire period of a Kalpa Aeon for one who has mastered the four
contrivances of Psychic powers and the Tathagata has mastered such powers.
Ananda could not utter a single suggestion. Then the Buddha ultimately released
his last desire to live. He told Ananda that he would die three months later. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Bhikkhus, then staying in Vesali,
gathered at a catafalque (Kutagarasala) in Mahavana and there the Lord preached
the thirty-seven factors of obtaining Enlightenment (Saptatrimsa Bodhi pakshika
Dhamma). He then took a last good look of Vesali. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">"Therefrom he set out for
Bhandagrama. In the course of a sermon given there the Lord explained how one
would be subject to the cycle of rebirths for want of knowledge (or practice)
of the code of morality (Sila), meditation (Samadhi), wisdom (Prajna) and
liberation (Vimutti) and how one would be totally delivered as soon as one
would realise these four Dhammas. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">From Vesali, the Buddha went to
Bhandagama, After his visit to Bhandagram the Lord went Bhoganagara. The Buddha
stayed in the Ananda shrine there and preached the four Great Means of Checking
the Veracity of the Buddha’s Word (Maha-Padesa). “After the demise of the
Teacher, if someone says, this is the <i>Dhamma </i>and this is the rule of
Conduct, the saying should be duly checked in both of these two great Sources
for concurrence.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">From Bhoganagara, the Buddha went to
Pava. There he accepted the meals offered by Cunda, the son of a goldsmith.
Cunda prepared the best of meals together with Sukara-maddava, but the Buddha
became seriously ill as soon as he had eaten. From Pava, he went to Kusinara. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">On his way to Kusinara, the Buddha
rested beneath a tree where there was a small river named Kakudha. Ananda was
extremely astonished that the water of the river was clean and bright though
five hundred carts had just crossed the river. There Pukkusa, the son of a
Malla Prince, addressed the Buddha and presented to the Buddha a fine golden
shawl. After Pukkusa had gone away Ananda covered Buddha with the pair of fine,
golden-hund robes and his body became bright like the rays of a fire without
ashes. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha said that the body of the
Tathagata assumes the purest nature and its form becomes the clearest on two
occasions : firstly when he attains Enlightenment and secondly when he passes
away into Nibbana. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">After taking a bath in the Kakudha
river, the Buddha went to a mango grove where he talked about the importance of
the food offered to him by Cunda, the son of a goldsmith. He then crossed the
river Hirannavati and entered the Sal forest of the Mallas. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">There he rested on a bed spread between
Twin Sal trees, with his head to towards the north. He lay down on his right
side, nobly (like a lion) placing the left foot on and a little beyond the
right foot, with mindfulness and deliberation Flowers out of season, already
bloomed and the flowers fell down in worship of the body of the Tathaga. Heaven
manifested its reverence to the Tathagata with the celestial Mandarava flowers,
celestial sandalwood powder, the sound of the celestial music, and celestial
singing in the air above. But, the Buddha preached from his death-bed, such
high regards and honors were not in actuality appropriate to the Buddha; he is
properly respected when the Bhikkhu, Bhikkhuni, and his other lay disciples
practise fully according to what they were taught in the <i>Dhamma. </i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Before his demise, the Buddha said, four
places of pilgrimage would be worth seeing or visiting as places of the
sentiment of detachment (1) the place where the Bodhisattva was born (that is,
Lumbini); (2) the place where he attained unsurpassed, supreme Enlightenment
(that is Buddha-Gaya); (3) the place where the Tathagata first set the
unsurpassed wheel of truth in motion (that is, Sarnath); the place where he
passed away, realinging parinibbana (that is, Kusinara). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Responding to the questions of Ananda
the Buddha stated that the body of the Tathagata is to be cremated and
worshipped like the body of the Universal Monarch. A stupa (pillar) and a
shrine should be erected over the cremated remains of a Buddha, a Paccek
Buddha, an Arhat Bhikkhu, and a Universal Monarch. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha then stated all the merits
and good qualities of an attendent Bhikkhu of which Ananda was possessed.
Moreover, he explained that the place where on he was passing away into Nibbana
was the capital of the Universal Monarch, Sudassana the Great. Thus he also
stated the former glory and richness of this very place. The richness and glory
of the seat of government of formerly such a Universal sovereign was reduced
then to a small place covered with forest. He further remarked that all
conditional (Sankhara) things are perishable. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Subhadda, a wandering ascetic, heard
that the Samana Gotama was going to pass into Nibbana; he ran to Ananda and
wished to see the Buddha. But Ananda tried to refuse him the visit. The Buddha
however overheard the talk between them and asked Ananda to let him come.
Subhadda was given the answer that he had asked for and was initiated and
ordained into the Buddhist order in the presence of the Buddha himself, who
gave him the needed precepts. Subhada realized Arhatship that very moment and
he was the last one to become a disciple in the presence of the Buddha. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha said to Ananda, “Ananda, you
all might think that this is the preaching of the deceased teacher, for our
teacher is not longer present. Ananda, the <i>Dhamma </i>(Doctrine) and Vinaya
(Discipline) preached and promulgated by me shall be your teacher after my
demise, lesser and minor rules can be abrogated if the Sangha so wishes.
Ananda, punish Bhikkhu Channa with the punishment of Brahmadanda (Brahama
penalty). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Then the Buddha addressed all the
Bhikkhus of the assembly, “O Bhikkhus, ask me, if you have any doubts, about
the Buddha, <i>Dhamma, </i>Samgha (the Order of Bhikkhus) the Magga (path) and
the like.” None of the Bhikkhus present asked a single question. All were completely
silent. Then the Buddha uttered his last words. “O Bhikkhus, all sorts of
creation (Sankhara) are subject to dissolution. Practise with diligence and
without laxity." </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">As soon as the Buddha passed away the
earth quaked, Sahampati Brahma, Sakka, the king of devas, Venerable Anuruddha,
and Venerable Ananda, each expressed his remorse and reaction through gathas
(verses). </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Kusinara Mallas honored the event in
Kusinara for seven days, with great pomp and show, over the Buddha’s body.
After seven days, they carried the body to the Mukutabandhana, the customary
shrine of the Mallas, for the cremation of the body. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Venerable Mahakassapa, accompanied by
five hundred Bhikkhus, also came. Mahakassapa, putting his robe over one
shoulder, joining both his hands, and circumambulating the body from the right
side thrice, worshipped by prostrating himself at the feet of Buddha. As soon
as he had done so, the pyre upon which the body was placed spontaneously began
to burn. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Following the cremation, the bone-relics
were taken to as many as seven states, wherin they were enshrined and
worshipped with due reverence. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-44998851887891427482011-10-31T03:12:00.000-07:002011-10-31T03:12:53.828-07:00Tevijja Sutta from Silakkhanda Sutra<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWZYO3Ps5R08SAf_LjcAmjEWONnWsNV-6rx07mJN6AevksZuLhNyFPfEWuuOrsVSbwX9Nqx7aIHBU6VjvC4ySrrCMWmsNemxu-rjpbpygh0c_8PC-gFMaI-zVvHRX53RaAjF25UQi1lnb7/s1600/154800_145000255552073_100001262996519_249151_6372555_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWZYO3Ps5R08SAf_LjcAmjEWONnWsNV-6rx07mJN6AevksZuLhNyFPfEWuuOrsVSbwX9Nqx7aIHBU6VjvC4ySrrCMWmsNemxu-rjpbpygh0c_8PC-gFMaI-zVvHRX53RaAjF25UQi1lnb7/s1600/154800_145000255552073_100001262996519_249151_6372555_n.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjlb2RYj7YOvmChBDHTJulCglkZXapZcGxnWADv1QmhNc6HGgXuVKugX4Cmu41upXCqWm7Sv-KYjEqWCL_SQ9JSqB_HckcgwDZ6V_5B4lAlRDvXRprJElBPC5HHXDvivi0rWjQYfBeyzSn/s1600/154501_143894508995981_100001262996519_243926_125743_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjlb2RYj7YOvmChBDHTJulCglkZXapZcGxnWADv1QmhNc6HGgXuVKugX4Cmu41upXCqWm7Sv-KYjEqWCL_SQ9JSqB_HckcgwDZ6V_5B4lAlRDvXRprJElBPC5HHXDvivi0rWjQYfBeyzSn/s320/154501_143894508995981_100001262996519_243926_125743_n.jpg" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha was then residing in the
Mango-grove situated along the bank of Aciravati River north of Manasakata
village, in the kingdom of Kosala. Manasakata was then the seat of the renowned
Brahmanas such as, Canki, Tarukkha, Pokkharasati, Janussoni, Todeyya, and
others. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">One day, a very controversial discussion
took place between two young Brahmana students, Vasettha and Bharadvaja,
concerning the way to reach the spiritual realm of Brahma-loka. Neither of them
could convince the other. In the end, both of them decided to go to the Buddha
for the final word and approached him with their problem. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">This was the problem : “There are many
and different paths, but the destination, which the various paths lead to, is
one and the same.” With this belief and in order to reach the unified realm of
Brahma, the Vedic Brahmanas such as Addhvariya, Tittiriya, etc had perhaps
taught these different ways. But the Buddha wanted to examine the veracity of
such an assertion with the two young controversialists. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha, by his usual critical method
of dialogues, showed plainly that belief was far from the truth. “Those of the
Vedic Brahmanas who advocate such an assertion have neither seen the Brahma
directly, nor have they ever claimed that they have done so. Not even the later
Brahmanas, who know all three Vedas including their accessories, have seen the
Brahma directly, nor have they ever claimed to. None of the teachers, nor any
of the their teachers had done so. Not even the teachers '7' seven generations
before have seen him or claimed to have seen him. So, no one has ever seen
Brahma nor known with whom is he living, nor his whereabouts.” <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha then contended the position
that all these paths lead to the same spiritual realm called Brahma-loka. He
further questioned their ability to determine the path to Brahma-loka. Even if
they could have done so, it would be entirely without any grounds for proof. He
likened it to the story of the blind men, standing in a line in which neither
the first, nor the middle, nor the last have seen the path. He also compared
this attempt to that of the lover of the most beautiful women in the world whom
the lover had never seen. He continued by comparing the attempts to reach
Brahma-loka to the simile of the carpenter making a stair-case without knowing
the measurement of the place it is to be installed, It is like on he said, a
man standing on this side of the Aciravati river and calling to the other bank
to come to him. Thus Buddha said that mere prayer to Vedic deities, such as,
Indra, Soma, Varuna, Isana, Prajapati, Brahma, and Yama would never lead one to
the destination.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Therefore the man, who intends to cross
the Aciravati river, but does not attempt to cross the river and only fastens
himself firmly with a chain and resorts to prayer will not be able to cross the
river. He explained that the chain is like the five impediments which have
strongly bound the Vedic Brahmanas. As long as these Vedic Brahmanas reject
those laws which make one a real Brahmana and adopt the laws which make one an
un-Brahmana, they will never find it possible to be united with Brahma after
death. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">One who has been born and brought up in
the township of Manasakata, would be able, without the least difficulty, to
tell any one directions in Manasakata. The Buddha concluded this discourse by
saying that similarly, it would not be the least troublesome for the Tatthagata
to disclose the straight way to Brahma-loka. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-13130116875514186902011-10-28T02:54:00.000-07:002011-10-28T02:54:35.730-07:00Lohicca Sutta from Silakkhandha Atthakatha<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-aIk6BjwaOjuQScJbzsqPLaK1ewQGvOsuigPNjQGGP_VlhUDGZkClBylHvYuRP9aS47n5ygsxGkJUyihv3kMnVR4VLSSW7MXKG7bA1ESX_RLJgLG3Ec_zaK2szQgTCDKAyiKpXg9b6hUt/s1600/150389_145000062218759_100001262996519_249146_2734907_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-aIk6BjwaOjuQScJbzsqPLaK1ewQGvOsuigPNjQGGP_VlhUDGZkClBylHvYuRP9aS47n5ygsxGkJUyihv3kMnVR4VLSSW7MXKG7bA1ESX_RLJgLG3Ec_zaK2szQgTCDKAyiKpXg9b6hUt/s320/150389_145000062218759_100001262996519_249146_2734907_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha who was travelling in the
country of Kosala with an assembly of five hundred Bhikkhus, reached
Salavatika. There lived Lohicca, a much honoured Brahmana leader. He had
received rich grants of land and property from Pasenadi, the king of Kosala.
Lohicca held a gravely erroneous view, which he propounded as follows : ‘Even
if there are any Bhikkhus or Brahmanas who have realized the truth and followed
it in practice, they should not teach others the same, for how can one help
another in such a matter ? It is just like to be free from the old tether to be
tethered to a new one. Hence it appears to me to be an act of grud in the name
of religion. For, how can one help another in such a matter ?” <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Lohicca ordered the barber Rosika to
approach the Buddha and invite him including the members of his order for a
meal, the next day, at his residence. When Rosika went the next day to
accompany the Buddha to Lohicca’s home, he took the opportunity to inform the
Buddha of an erroneous view of his master. At the same time, he asked the
Enlightened One to free Lohicca from such an evil view. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Lohicca gave the Buddha a notable
reception. He served the alms with his own hands. And when the Buddha, with the
assembly of Bhikkhus had finished his meal and Lohicca took his seat to one
side of him and waited with folded hands. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha enquired, whether Lohicca
actually held the view which the barber claimed he did. Lohicca admitted that
it was true. The Buddha spoke of various types of teachers, some of whom
preached the <i>Dhamma </i>without realizing it directly for themselves.
Others, having realized some great truth or insight, wished to keep such truth
limited to themselves. Such teachers were criticized severely by the Buddha. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Lohicca had his doubts totally removed
and accepted household discipleship from the Buddha. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-16539270482826985882011-10-23T05:23:00.000-07:002011-10-23T05:23:03.661-07:00Buddhist Attitude to Politics Agganna Sutra<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /></div>
<a title="View Buddhist Attitude to Politics Aggañña Sutta _7_ on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/69958269/Buddhist-Attitude-to-Politics-Agganna-Sutta-7-?secret_password=2gnamg0ae1wjrnfsiey4" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Buddhist Attitude to Politics Aggañña Sutta _7_</a><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/69958269/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-2ooknknpg2dtlwl12awe&secret_password=2gnamg0ae1wjrnfsiey4" data-auto-height="true" data-aspect-ratio="0.706697459584296" scrolling="no" id="doc_39167" width="100%" height="600" frameborder="0"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">(function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "http://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })();</script>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-9478277726919803002011-10-23T05:07:00.000-07:002011-10-23T05:07:08.422-07:00How to make the research proposal<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpooVyoWbkIJB3KqEkTG4LJW2Tr9HxkL4DK3SJZxvt8IuaR-DTcWiyLPU24uK1nojacOhQdKQtZku9OdKnGgOAKobklJ0Pd41l0EYqfFZ9cf5TbvnUGymttmQQ2ylINTVdLne3UkvXyr0V/s1600/180420_168544309864334_100001262996519_391695_1273273_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpooVyoWbkIJB3KqEkTG4LJW2Tr9HxkL4DK3SJZxvt8IuaR-DTcWiyLPU24uK1nojacOhQdKQtZku9OdKnGgOAKobklJ0Pd41l0EYqfFZ9cf5TbvnUGymttmQQ2ylINTVdLne3UkvXyr0V/s1600/180420_168544309864334_100001262996519_391695_1273273_n.jpg" /></a></div>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -16.65pt 10pt -22.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">At
the basic of research, it is necessary to prepare a research proposal. Proposal
means how to find out the research problem also one should find the problem but
it is easy if we can prepare proposal properly, one thing our research is
finished. Therefore, we try to propose the research in order to propose we must
understand and we have to study the research for the publication etc. We
clarify in ourselves exactly what our specific areas of study explain it in a
logical form. We must consider our skills to keep our eyes and ears open for
important issues and ask the expert. We must define a problem and make
hypotheses. Depend on that, formulate the topic of research procedure, create
problem. Then, arrange our background experience etc. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0cm -16.65pt 10pt -22.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><span> </span>We must explain our research will help
to the research who benefit. We must decide the problem can be researched,
workability, information where from and how we can get it, what we will do,
when we have got it, who we will need to consult and what equipment we need. We
must find out most suitable research methods to get the information chose the
suitable methods, describe them briefly and explain that kind of information
each will produce. We must describe expected arising and the conclusions we
will be presented. We can select a suitable title based on own idea. The
proposal may vary according to those kinds of research historical, aim and
objectives etc. The common form of research proposal are an application, in a
compact manner, of the nature of research, needed reason, the way to make,
arising and resources need carrying out. <span> </span>(1) Mean of communication from the researcher
to applicator and other. (2) A plan for action to describe the scope, aims,
objectives, one by one procedure and expected arising. (3) A contract that will
form the basis of agreement both the parties of involved.<a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div style="margin: 5pt -16.65pt 5pt -22.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US"><span> </span><span style="font-size: small;">There are mainly two more Pali,
Sanskrit, Chinese, Tibetan, and Prakrit etc but other way is two main post
graduate research degrees known as M.A and Ph.D too. Otherwise, there is no
single format for research proposals. This is because every research project is
different. Different disciplines, donor organisations and academic institutions
all have different formats and requirements. There are, however, several key
components which must be included in every research proposal. The specific
research problem will dictate what other sections are required. Key components
are:</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 5pt -16.65pt 5pt -22.5pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: small;"><span lang="EN-US">(1) A description of
the research problem. (2) An argument as to why that problem is important. (3)
A review of literature relevant to the research problem. (4) A description of
the proposed research methodology. (5) A description of how the research findings
will be used and/or disseminated. Before your proposal can make sense to a
reader, he or she must understand clearly what the proposed research will be
about. Therefore, you would do well to begin this section with a clear and
simple formulation of your research question, application data and many things
so on.</span></span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-22166001240250253052011-10-23T04:43:00.000-07:002011-10-23T04:43:59.666-07:00Research Ethic Methodology<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-ansi-language:EN-US;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixptLuC6mloXtZPuB8L4K78mzgcC1Hi38OcnXQJ0ZsNG0bY-U6LjzvTM-W_n5ZbEnP5UNm4DltGq6zCsD8vNkDcXNVR1qXCvTu7cEUYT_WrQAbaEoyVHaW79RLshYT8t-xNoldzkQLZm4L/s1600/150264_145001042218661_100001262996519_249157_3866088_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixptLuC6mloXtZPuB8L4K78mzgcC1Hi38OcnXQJ0ZsNG0bY-U6LjzvTM-W_n5ZbEnP5UNm4DltGq6zCsD8vNkDcXNVR1qXCvTu7cEUYT_WrQAbaEoyVHaW79RLshYT8t-xNoldzkQLZm4L/s320/150264_145001042218661_100001262996519_249157_3866088_n.jpg" width="238" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times Ext Roman","serif";"> Now, in this world
there are full of ethics such as medical ethics, legal ethics of lawyers, and
environmental ethics of all of us to research ethics of researcher. The
behavior of a human is primarily determined by two factors, those of law
established by particular government and morality accepted by the society. </span></div>
<div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times Ext Roman","serif";"><span> </span>The subject that studied of the
concept of moral principle and moral rules of good conduct accepted by a certain
culture or society is the meaning of that `Ethic `. Research ethic involves the
application of basic ethical principle to scientific and academic research. The
integrity of any research depends on not only its scientific arrange but on its
ethical sufficiency also. Ethical issues are variety and may be quite
multipart. All research should be guided by a set of basic ethical principles
to guarantee the protection of human participants.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times Ext Roman","serif";"><span> </span>The reasons why it is important to
obey the ethical norms in research are; (1) some norm can give rise the
research aims such as; knowledge, truth and avoidance of error (2) as a deal of
cooperation and coordination among people involves in research, ethical
standards encourage the values to collaborate work, trust, accountability,
mutual respect, and fairness (3) the ethical norms ensure that researcher can
be held accountable to the public (4) ethical norms assist to build public
support for research. Finally, research norms promote other moral and social
values, social responsibility, human rights, animal welfare, compliance with
the law, and safety.<a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times Ext Roman","serif";"><span> </span>The researcher should develop
qualities such as honesty, objectivity, carefulness, openness, respected for
individual property, respected for religious and cultural identity. Under the
word of `Plagiarism` a researcher should not copy other`s ideas, words and
works in his report and must avoid as it is his own. It is the worst offence
and unethical. Depending on his own ideas, and theories, one should develop the
practice to originate words and ideas to be acknowledgement within a text. He
can provide for direction from other`s work and reference a wide gravity of
sources. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times Ext Roman","serif";">The researcher must
fellow researchers, respondents, the public and academic community. Honesty is
essential in writing and accurate descriptions require what and how you have
done it, obtained information, used technique, the analysis, research of
experiment and all concerning parts. A researcher must maintain scientific objectivity
and acknowledged also explained the reason for possibility of bias for personal
judgments and easement should be given. He should also analyses research aim
from an ethical viewpoint. If research aims to gain mere knowledge and
understanding of a phenomenon, such a quest has no ethical consequence. His
expansion of knowledge should regard as a good thing.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times Ext Roman","serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">Research language must
be as natural as possible words also phrases must be common use and imprecise.
One must be constantly aware of real meaning terms and their use within
particular context. A researcher in using human participants must avoid
dishonest persuasion, should not do official posing, unrealistic manner and
untrue promises. He must obtain the consent of participants in advance, writing
agreement of organizations and the date that he has collected must be
sensitive. Therefore, there are called research ethic systems of methodology.<span> </span></span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-18919531249279230962011-10-20T10:14:00.000-07:002011-10-20T10:14:55.031-07:0011. Kevatta Sutra from Silakkhandha Atthakatha<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNI9Rpi6WmppLj6kZaXDJhPnhBZWsucndkfQjwHGpK0rlJ29wf-tBHkkpp54X8v3LyMSjG3ajo41StYz7fHrDyIVT7V7Y9LjjFgXl1C6Gb3GNaOmCpSCz4YfLbBpJvtpfUCyTtG89dOOh0/s1600/155213_144676492251116_100001262996519_247808_6062444_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNI9Rpi6WmppLj6kZaXDJhPnhBZWsucndkfQjwHGpK0rlJ29wf-tBHkkpp54X8v3LyMSjG3ajo41StYz7fHrDyIVT7V7Y9LjjFgXl1C6Gb3GNaOmCpSCz4YfLbBpJvtpfUCyTtG89dOOh0/s320/155213_144676492251116_100001262996519_247808_6062444_n.jpg" width="257" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">11. Kevatta
Sutta</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha was residing in the
Mango-grove of Pavarika in Nalanda. Then Kevatta, a young householder man of
that locality, came to the Buddha and said : “Lord, this town of Nalanda is
very prosperous and it is also thickly populated. The inhabitants here are
favourably disposed towards you, O Lord. Let the Lord order a Bhikkhu to
exhibit some feats of superhuman conduct here in public. For it will be good.”
But the Buddha did not approve of such a request; he said : “It is liable to be
misunderstood by the people as black magic such as Gandhari and Manika.” It was
for such reasons that Buddha did not permit anyone to perform such feats of
psychic potency. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Then the Buddha narrated how a certain
Bhikkhu had asked the question, “Where do the four elements, earth, water,
fire, and air cease without the least remainder ?” By his superhuman powers,
the Bhikkhu had approached the divine beings of higher and higher heavens and
demanded a definite answer to this question from them. None of them, however,
could satisfy him. Ultimately, on the advice of the Maha-Brahma, the Bhikkhu
returned to the Buddha for an answer to his question. So spoke the Buddha of
that memorable event. The Buddha chided the Bhikkhu for his enquiry elsewhere
and explained the matter to him thus : <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">“It is foolish to ask questions in that
way. The proper way of putting the question would be this : “Where do these
four elements, earth, water, fire, and air, not exist ? Where do they not arise
? Where do the conceptions of long and short, minute and gross, good and bad,
and name and form arise not ? With the cessation of consciousness, all these
name and form cease.” </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-69489845585797508522011-10-20T06:00:00.000-07:002011-10-20T06:00:17.941-07:00ABHIDHARMAKOSA TEXT<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /></div>
<a title="View Abhidharmakosabhasyam,Vol 4,Vasubandhu,Poussin,Pruden,1991 on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/69585648/Abhidharmakosabhasyam-Vol-4-Vasubandhu-Poussin-Pruden-1991" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Abhidharmakosabhasyam,Vol 4,Vasubandhu,Poussin,Pruden,1991</a> <object id="doc_19375" name="doc_19375" height="600" width="100%" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf" style="outline:none;" > <param name="movie" value="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf" /> <param name="wmode" value="opaque" /> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff" /> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always" /> <param name="FlashVars" value="document_id=69585648&access_key=key-1a0haqg2v19oijktjua0&page=1&viewMode=list" /> <embed id="doc_19375" name="doc_19375" src="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=69585648&access_key=key-1a0haqg2v19oijktjua0&page=1&viewMode=list" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="600" width="100%" wmode="opaque" bgcolor="#ffffff"></embed> </object>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-91872308771146879702011-10-20T02:32:00.000-07:002011-10-20T04:58:31.817-07:0010. Subha Sutra<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFug9yI6IwHSCrSWhS6sdjXd5Poq-pTGmEuyZ31Yr06JJHrOFFELqr1fR8gbxVeq27p78rCwHxpMrBMmfSNGOSrG4op-c8Z7beFemKERJ7cmlkWO9_Ho3Z7A-lGEMmnEf0gE7qoJxK0KDK/s1600/149520_145001582218607_100001262996519_249159_6426415_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFug9yI6IwHSCrSWhS6sdjXd5Poq-pTGmEuyZ31Yr06JJHrOFFELqr1fR8gbxVeq27p78rCwHxpMrBMmfSNGOSrG4op-c8Z7beFemKERJ7cmlkWO9_Ho3Z7A-lGEMmnEf0gE7qoJxK0KDK/s320/149520_145001582218607_100001262996519_249159_6426415_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkimZeOk8Urvtz2ejzojgHWmHUBLtB5fUdfo49JXX8RtKXRFZ9iKWi1OklSdF1Cu1HlpxzsTToueGw0aji5qYTdKVpegS0eqV3982z7vHVXUnoE5xgKvqrify_G48QFLi2bsy_NSTC7a3q/s1600/182694_168542996531132_100001262996519_391682_3641698_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkimZeOk8Urvtz2ejzojgHWmHUBLtB5fUdfo49JXX8RtKXRFZ9iKWi1OklSdF1Cu1HlpxzsTToueGw0aji5qYTdKVpegS0eqV3982z7vHVXUnoE5xgKvqrify_G48QFLi2bsy_NSTC7a3q/s1600/182694_168542996531132_100001262996519_391682_3641698_n.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">10. Subha Sutta</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Some days after the Buddha’s Parinibbana,
Ananda, the attendant Bhikkhu, was staying at the Monastery of Anathapindika in
the Jeta Grone at Savatthi. At that time Subha, the son of Todeyya Brahmana,
was also in Savatthi on certain business of his own. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Subha, the young Brahmana student, sent
someone to Venerable Ananda, with an invitation to visit him at his home.
Venerable Ananda, however, could not accept the invitation on that day and sent
the messenger back with word that he might come there only on the following
day. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The next day, accompanied by a Bhikkhu
from the Cetiya country as his attendant he went to the house of Subha. The
question Subha asked was this : “You, Venerable Ananda, were the attendant of
the Blessed One for a long time. You accompanied Gotama, the Blessed One, and were
always at his side. You must know which doctrine was much praised by Gotama,
the Blessed one. Which doctrine was it that he believed people should adopt ?
And which doctrine was it that he established ?” </span><br />
<a name='more'></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Ananda told Subha, the son of Todeyya,
that the <i>Dhamma </i>established by him had three branches, Noble Sila
(Morality), Noble Samadhi (Concentration in meditation) and Noble Pañña. These
three branches of the <i>Dhamma </i>were fully praised and established before
the people by the Buddha. Thereupon, Venerable Ananda began to expound the
three branches in this way : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">“As one listens to the <i>Dhamma </i>as
preached by the Buddha, one gains faith in him and is further encouraged to
follow it. On determines that the life of a household life is so full of
hindrances and that of the renunciant open and free as the sky. It is not easy
to follow that ascetic life which is pure as the conch, comprehensive, and
entirely pure, while one resides in the household life. One renounces one's
home, property, and circle of friends and relatives, great and small.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">“After having thus renounced the world
and joined the order of Bhikkhus, he is ordained. He follows the rules laid
down in the Patimokkha, (the monastic precepts). He is afraid of even the least
offences, and does meritorious acts by means of body, speech, and mind. He
cultures an attitude of detachment and develops fine obstacles concentration of
mind, by which he tries to overcome contemplation, sense desires, enmity, sloth
and torpor, worry and doubt.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">He obtains the five constituents of
meditation (Jhana), that is, investigation (Vitakka), reasoning reflection
(Vicara), joy born of deep tranquility (Piti), delight born of destruction of
passion (Sukha), and purity or one-ponted ness of equaninity (Ekaggata). He
continues the practice of meditation with zeal and gradually attains the higher
stages of Jhana. He cultivates insight, in which he obtains the yogic
experience of meditation connected with magical powers both mental and
physical. He gradually attains the higher stages of meditation such as
knowledge of insight, knowledge of psychic power, knowledge of practising
psychic power, knowledge of supernatural power of nearing. He practises the
supernormal power of hearing, that of knowing the mind of others, the knowledge
of remembering past lives, the power of supernormal sight, and lastly is
endowed with the knowledge of the eradication of all sorts of defilement.
Ultimately, he knows that there is no more rebirths for him, he has completed
the chastity of life, accomplished what has to be done, there is no. There is
no cause remaining for him to return again. He becomes an arhat. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-30601017272917828182011-10-20T02:25:00.000-07:002011-10-20T02:26:54.888-07:009. Potthapada Sutra from Silakkhandha Atthakatha<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzaWEU73bQTnCjNocWYN4t32Jv_9J8ErJg4Og7K9gG4NOM64A4QDLSUF2_nzKRevqNednIVosyDIrqsrsBb-ZF1EZ993As2aK-BbFywuDSNVE8bY3BhnLnK_mX9jPcOa-TnfCmmCRYxnFh/s1600/76920_145000992218666_100001262996519_249156_6050615_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzaWEU73bQTnCjNocWYN4t32Jv_9J8ErJg4Og7K9gG4NOM64A4QDLSUF2_nzKRevqNednIVosyDIrqsrsBb-ZF1EZ993As2aK-BbFywuDSNVE8bY3BhnLnK_mX9jPcOa-TnfCmmCRYxnFh/s320/76920_145000992218666_100001262996519_249156_6050615_n.jpg" width="238" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">9. Potthapada
Sutta</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha was staying at the Monastery
of Anathapindika in the Jeta Grove at Savatthi. At that time Potthapada, the
wandering philosopher, was staying in the Ekasala Hall built by Queen Mallika.
He had gathered three thousand wandering ascetics around him, who were moisily
discussing worldly topics of little value. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha went to Potthapada and was
told by him that the wanderers were speaking of these trivial worldly subjects.
But he informed the Buddha that he had been once in another gathering and heard
the subject of the cessation of consciousness being debated. Some said that our
consciousness itself is our soul. Some said that all these are the play of
those who have spiritual powers. Nothing was definitely proved. Hence he asked
this same question of the Buddha. The Buddha answered: “These theories are all
merely blind-faith.” Then the Buddha began to speak of how one would practise
and attain the Cessation of Consciousness <i>(Nirodha-samapatti). </i>Then in
such a state the yogin or yogavacara would think thus : </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">“It is extremely improper for me to
think; it is proper for me not to think. Hence he would not think, nor try to
create anything mentally. Thus finally he would reach the cessation of consciousness.”
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Leaving this serious talk aside,
Potthapada began to mention the metaphysical questions not explicated by the
Buddha. “Is the universe imperishable or perishable; is it terminable, or
interminable; are the Life Principle (Jiva) and the body the same, or
different; after his demise does the Tathagata exist, and so on ?” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha had, however, pronounced
these questions Avyakrita, that is, not to be defined. For the Buddha
explicated said : “This is neither purposeful, nor useful for any religious
point, nor useful for the primordial ascetic life, nor conducine to
indifference, nor leading to renunciation desirelessness, nor to cessation of
psychic process, nor for being calm, nor for supernormal power, nor to the
perfect enlightenment, nor of any purpose in attaining Nibbana. The Buddha had,
rather, fully explicated the four noble truths : ‘This is suffering, this is
the cause of suffering, this is the cessation of suffering, this is the path
leading to the cessation of suffering.” <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Then afterward, along with Citta, the
son of an elephant trainer, Potthapada, the wandering ascetic, went again to
the Buddha. The Buddha reminded the wandering ascetic of his preaching the
Doctrines <i>Dhammas </i>in both ways, one-sided and many-sided that are
many-sided, non-definable metaphysical questions. He had also preached the
Doctrines <i>Dhammas </i>that are one-sided, the four noble truths. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha took up a serious subject. He
said, “There are some who hold the view, that after death, the soul is without
any disease, and absolutely happy; such a view is entirely pointless.” He
displayed the pointlessness of such a doctrine on the grounds that no one has
ever experienced such a state, nor can it be substantiated with any valid
proof. “Such a doctrine might be compared to the quest for the most beautiful
women in this land, whom none has ever seen, or to the building of the highest
stair-case, the height of which none has ever estimated. This would be
certainly ridiculous and absurd.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">He further preached : “There are three
kinds of bodily possessions, namely, the gross, the mental, and the formless.
The best of the objectives is to be freed and liberated from any one of the
bodily possessions.” Citta, the son of the elephant trainer, asked him about
the unification of two bodies when one of them is transmigrating to the other.
The Buddha explained this matter by means of the simile of milk. The cow gives
milk; the milk is turned into curd; from the curd we get butter; and from
butter we make frozen pieces of milk, from frozen pieces of milk clarified
butter (ghee) is obtained. While it is milk, it will not be called curd; or
butter, and so on. Thus, the Buddha explained the doctrine of universal
impermanence. The identity that is inherent in them can be thought of only as a
habit of speech and not as a fundamental one. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Citta, received admission to the Order
(Sangha) from the Buddha. Through earnest practice, this Bhikkhud soon became
one of the liberated ones (arhants). </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-51425862966365426542011-10-19T12:41:00.000-07:002011-10-19T12:44:12.377-07:00BIRTHDAY WISHES BY VENERABLE. PUNNAVAMSA<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiTFYSm7KcdAMQhYhRX4OB3o7SkUzFe1Z0muXU-uSZV0uGNpsFxfjAeNWQcXkyydpVw7QFjr0BTOj2Xh5OlpHd7-4OA_Yh2Ux2yJyY3qy_yn8Je1uu1yyUrYwRCHA6DcODzd3omzGntXIa/s1600/venpunnavamsa.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiTFYSm7KcdAMQhYhRX4OB3o7SkUzFe1Z0muXU-uSZV0uGNpsFxfjAeNWQcXkyydpVw7QFjr0BTOj2Xh5OlpHd7-4OA_Yh2Ux2yJyY3qy_yn8Je1uu1yyUrYwRCHA6DcODzd3omzGntXIa/s320/venpunnavamsa.JPG" width="213" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">BIRTHDAY
WISHES</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">BY</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">VENERABLE. PUNNAVAMSA </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">(M.A BUDDHISM) M.PHIL (RESEARCH)</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Tomorrow
will be my birthday on 20- oct- 2011.</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">I may
wish the best for all of you and all beings.</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Firstly, I pay homage to the Buddha. I pay homage to the Dhamma. </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">I pay homage to the Sangha. I pay homage to the parent and </span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">I pay homage to the teachers and preachers. <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Let me wish all beings and all kinds of beings.They may be returning full of the best wishes</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"> when I wish to them.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">Thus
everybody may be happy, healthy, wealthy, and getting final goals and overcoming
defilements and Sasara. May all beings be free from danger, suffering, anger,
greed, hatred, distress, lamentation, all kinds of the cause of suffering and
covering all kinds of defilements and unwholesome.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">May all
beings be highest life, delightful satisfaction of life, enjoying of life, the best wishing of
life, preserving moralities, concentration, wisdom, and attaining final goal of
realization of Nibbana as I truly the best wishes are.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<br /></div>
<div align="right" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Zawgyi-One","sans-serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;">တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္း</span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-45013526598607681362011-10-18T12:58:00.000-07:002011-10-18T13:00:08.901-07:00Jaliya Sutra & Mahasihanada Sutra From Silakkhanda Atthakatha<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1rZ5tMd7kU50CC1dEBIkWNcQgz3Dfe0gvLMpWjWGc8WYgKTvm2JqJYxcFzpgb8JyAlXB5NLkgA8OkqHBlNnsNPYqsL0BjRbN_X9TYblxHv2efYjKaB7CyE1QeVV9BSxoXhr558uscX8vN/s1600/154247_144998118885620_100001262996519_249130_7189832_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1rZ5tMd7kU50CC1dEBIkWNcQgz3Dfe0gvLMpWjWGc8WYgKTvm2JqJYxcFzpgb8JyAlXB5NLkgA8OkqHBlNnsNPYqsL0BjRbN_X9TYblxHv2efYjKaB7CyE1QeVV9BSxoXhr558uscX8vN/s320/154247_144998118885620_100001262996519_249130_7189832_n.jpg" width="231" /></a></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">7. Jaliya Sutta</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha was staying in the Monastery
built by Ghosita near Kosambi. There were two wanderering ascetics named
Mundiya and Jaliya, disciples of a guru who, because of his wooden begging bowl
was known as Darupattika. They went to the Buddha and asked him : “Venerable
Gotama, is the the soul was the physical body, or the physical body the soul,
or whether the soul was one thing and the physical body another ?” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha replied that such a question
would occur only to those who are in the darkness of ignorance. He further
preached to them that the question of whether the soul and the body are the
same or different did not trouble an Arhat, one who is liberated of all
defilements. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm 6pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">8. Mahasihanada
Sutta</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha was dwelling near the town of
Urunna, in Kannakatthala Migadaya, an area reserved for the Deer Park. At that
time a naked ascetic, named Kassapa of the wanderers’ sect, was living in the
same place. This ascetic went to visit the Buddha and asked him : “I have
heard, Oh Gotama, that the ascetic Gotama denounces all austerities. Is this a
fact or not ?” <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha said : “How could I have
denounced all forms of austerities, having directly seen that some of their
practitioners were born in heaven and others in hell. It can be seen that the
recluse Gotama is a proponent of speaking what is proper at the exact
opportunity, what is true, what is purposeful, what is religious, what is of
good conduct. These truths can be ascertained by one’s own examination. This
device is the same as the noble eight-fold path such as, Right View, Right Thinking,
Right Speech, Right Action, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness,
and Right Concentration.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The naked ascetic Kassapa replied, “The
penitential practices and austerities held in high esteem by the people are
such things as going naked, avoiding fastidiousness, consumption of food only
once in a fortnight; the eating of vegetable, raw earth roots, and fruits that
have fallen from the tree, putting on a rough and coarse apparel, making
ablution thirce a day, morning, daytime, and evening, in order to purify
oneself. Such are the customary practices of the renuncient’s life and the
Brahmana’s conduct.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha’s stand was to regard all
these austerities as external practices only. For these can be performed with a
little effort and have no spiritual value in themselves. According to his
interpretation, the true life of renunciation and Brahmana-hood were the
establishment of friendliness devoid of enmity and animosity through the
purification of one’s mind. For thus one earns the triple wealth of conduct,
mind, and intellect, through the eight-fold path which has no alternative. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The naked ascetic Kassapa was overjoyed
with this teaching, he asked for and received initiation and ordination from
the Buddha. Practising under his guidance, he soon attained Arhatship, or the
state of liberation. </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-31734178252081178972011-10-18T12:40:00.001-07:002011-10-18T12:40:57.700-07:00Seventy Three Kinds Of Knowledge<a title="View Seventy Three Kinds of Knowledge on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/69336639/Seventy-Three-Kinds-of-Knowledge" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Seventy Three Kinds of Knowledge</a><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/69336639/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-1z1kirypjtklztq9xbn4" data-auto-height="true" data-aspect-ratio="0.704257767548907" scrolling="no" id="doc_91558" width="100%" height="600" frameborder="0"></iframe><script type="text/javascript">(function() { var scribd = document.createElement("script"); scribd.type = "text/javascript"; scribd.async = true; scribd.src = "http://www.scribd.com/javascripts/embed_code/inject.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(scribd, s); })();</script>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-62743680753284183912011-10-18T12:02:00.000-07:002011-10-18T12:04:41.518-07:00Guide Through the Abhidhamma Pitaka<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<br /></div>
<a title="View Guide Through the Abhidhamma Pitaka on Scribd" href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/69331714/Guide-Through-the-Abhidhamma-Pitaka?secret_password=28mzefmbtbg26dbs3pg0" style="margin: 12px auto 6px auto; font-family: Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none; display: block; text-decoration: underline;">Guide Through the Abhidhamma Pitaka</a> <object id="doc_72750" name="doc_72750" height="600" width="100%" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" data="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf" style="outline:none;" > <param name="movie" value="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf"> <param name="wmode" value="opaque"> <param name="bgcolor" value="#ffffff"> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true"> <param name="allowScriptAccess" value="always"> <param name="FlashVars" value="document_id=69331714&access_key=key-2fgrkyqunwgaujs3cy9l&page=1&viewMode=list"> <embed id="doc_72750" name="doc_72750" src="http://d1.scribdassets.com/ScribdViewer.swf?document_id=69331714&access_key=key-2fgrkyqunwgaujs3cy9l&page=1&viewMode=list" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowscriptaccess="always" allowfullscreen="true" height="600" width="100%" wmode="opaque" bgcolor="#ffffff"></embed> </object>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-52392086556117545672011-10-16T03:23:00.000-07:002011-10-16T03:23:40.385-07:006. Mahali Sutta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZJOXoZv1ObMh7ZlQWABAhPrLAOJ_Iq5vmEijJCqa1iAOJA73llmDZpHSiuGzE0XwWtERUn3RhxGAyUGtmYQ6NBDj1jsibH7CA69Q0z4ZN9iJCKKAxWni2oaNcYvRDSAJYH7GxkD66uXbc/s1600/156223_145000115552087_100001262996519_249147_8349007_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZJOXoZv1ObMh7ZlQWABAhPrLAOJ_Iq5vmEijJCqa1iAOJA73llmDZpHSiuGzE0XwWtERUn3RhxGAyUGtmYQ6NBDj1jsibH7CA69Q0z4ZN9iJCKKAxWni2oaNcYvRDSAJYH7GxkD66uXbc/s320/156223_145000115552087_100001262996519_249147_8349007_n.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">When the Buddha, with the assembly of
Bhikkhus, was dwelling in the Kutagarasala of the great forest in Vesali,
Mahali otthaddha, the Slit-Lip Licchavi ruler, came there with a great number
of companions; he approached Nagita, the attendant bhikkhu. He expressed his
desire to see the Buddha. Sinha, a student-disciple, came up to Nagita and
begged on behalf of all the audience, to see the Buddha. He had his wish
fulfilled, and the Buddha came out of his room. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Then Mahali put a question to the Buddha
about a complaint made by Sunakkhatta, Licchavi-prince. About three years
before, he had left the Order of Bhikkhus and become a householder. His
complaint was simply this. He had seen the spiritual sights through the
practice of meditation but could not hear the spiritual sounds. So Mahali asked
the Buddha : “Lord, is it due to the non-existence of such sounds that he could
not hear them, or did he not hear them, even though they actually existed ?” <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt; line-height: 115%;">The Buddha answered. “It
was his own inabillity to hear such sounds, although these sounds were truly
there. If Sunakkhatta had given due attention to these facts of practice, he
would certainly have been able to hear these sounds. But it is neither in order
to see spiritual sights, nor hear spiritual sounds that candidates join the
Sangha. It is for a purpose much higher than students pursue the Buddhist
discipline. It is for the purpose of directly realizing the stages of Nibbana
the Stream-entrant, Once-Returner, Non-Returner and ultimately, the last stage
of Liberation. It is to eradicate defilement entirely, to achieve mental
freedom, intellectual liberation, and direct visualization by one’s own
insight. The path to realize these is the Eight-fold Path.” </span></div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-21878567050229812872011-10-15T05:44:00.000-07:002011-10-15T05:44:44.145-07:00Kutadanta Sutta<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZw17dfNuPJ7brESJq-z5ymAOihIxMf-vFDZDEOZ26GrPnvbvx1pXJhHfLX3K1jXhID62mgwzE5Wi2dkz1jpUCR8c6bqkqi2u0BWXmnb1uh-1SXiei1PxggzsyqCY4bDckX-9L2CxcbFI1/s1600/296048_274096295946159_100000373720274_961446_1879569396_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZw17dfNuPJ7brESJq-z5ymAOihIxMf-vFDZDEOZ26GrPnvbvx1pXJhHfLX3K1jXhID62mgwzE5Wi2dkz1jpUCR8c6bqkqi2u0BWXmnb1uh-1SXiei1PxggzsyqCY4bDckX-9L2CxcbFI1/s1600/296048_274096295946159_100000373720274_961446_1879569396_n.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">There was a Brahmana named Kutadanta,
honoured and patronised by Seniya Bimbisara, the king of Magadha, living in
Khanumata, a Brahmana village in the country of Magadha. He was preparing for a
great sacrifice in which a large number of beasts would be killed : seven
hundred oxen, seven hundered caves, seven hundred cows, and seven hundred
sheep. At that time, the Buddha, touring Magadha with an assembly of five
hundred Bhikkhus was staying at Ambalatthika in Khanumata. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Kutadanta, having heard that the Buddha
knew the triple sacrifice with its sixteen accessories, wanted to go to him in
order to learn how to perform the sacrifice properly. He was, however,
prevented from doing so by other Brahmanas. He convinced them of the
desirability of doing so by recounting the Buddha’s good qualities as Sonadanda
had done. He went to the Buddha and enquired about the triple sacrifice with
its sixteen accessories. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha, in the course of answering
Kutadanta’s question, gave him a full account of the ideal sacrifice as
performed in the remote past by King Mahavijita. Following the advice of his
Brahmana priests, the king eradicated the poverty of the people, and removed
the roots of corruption, theft, and other evils. Thus, King Vijita the Great
was certainly worthy to offer such an ideal sacrifice. Similarly, the chief
priest who initiated him was worthy. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Kutadanta was overjoyed to hear such an
account of the ideal sacrifice recounted by the Buddha. He asked : “Lord, is
there another sacrifice of much less troubles but of much more fruit ?” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Thereupon the Buddha preached the <i>Dhamma
</i>gradually, from the beginning to the experience of liberation. <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">“More profitable than such a sacrifice
would be daily donations for the renunciant Bhikkhus who practice morality.
More profitable than this sort of donation is the building of monasteries for
the sake of the assembly of Bhikkhus coming there from all the four quarters of
the globe. There is still more profitable a deed, which is that of taking
refuge in the Three Jewels; the Buddha, the <i>Dhamma, </i>and the Sangha.
Greater than this is the religious fruit that comes of observing the five
Precepts. Thus, the Buddha explained the means of acquiring spiritual profit in
order of rising importance from renunciation, through all the stages enumerated
in the Samanna-phala Sutta (the second discourse recounted above), up to the
ultimate stage of complete liberation. This was the gradual teaching of the
Buddha.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Having heard this preaching, Kutadanta
attained this religious insight, ‘Whatever is subject to production is also
subject to destruction.’ </span></div>
</div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-86472180231362252202011-10-15T03:48:00.000-07:002011-10-15T03:48:43.847-07:00A synoptic outline of the Suttas contained in the Digha Nikaya (a) Silakkhandha Vagga<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style> <![endif]--> <br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0HgJup4aFlm8CNW4v333XD5WM6gHPlsQTlXN61rcvzTXLo5t3dP8eO4PJjGAf8hcHMlsnpdscTA9noCTJxHgHr1SPWLUkTXiSgekKq1H3aIpYaG9bFB-Ym0FA8zRS7WMfYWZJP75VAzEH/s1600/296261_268322516521354_100000308222106_938308_104172135_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0HgJup4aFlm8CNW4v333XD5WM6gHPlsQTlXN61rcvzTXLo5t3dP8eO4PJjGAf8hcHMlsnpdscTA9noCTJxHgHr1SPWLUkTXiSgekKq1H3aIpYaG9bFB-Ym0FA8zRS7WMfYWZJP75VAzEH/s1600/296261_268322516521354_100000308222106_938308_104172135_n.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0HgJup4aFlm8CNW4v333XD5WM6gHPlsQTlXN61rcvzTXLo5t3dP8eO4PJjGAf8hcHMlsnpdscTA9noCTJxHgHr1SPWLUkTXiSgekKq1H3aIpYaG9bFB-Ym0FA8zRS7WMfYWZJP75VAzEH/s1600/296261_268322516521354_100000308222106_938308_104172135_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0HgJup4aFlm8CNW4v333XD5WM6gHPlsQTlXN61rcvzTXLo5t3dP8eO4PJjGAf8hcHMlsnpdscTA9noCTJxHgHr1SPWLUkTXiSgekKq1H3aIpYaG9bFB-Ym0FA8zRS7WMfYWZJP75VAzEH/s1600/296261_268322516521354_100000308222106_938308_104172135_n.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0HgJup4aFlm8CNW4v333XD5WM6gHPlsQTlXN61rcvzTXLo5t3dP8eO4PJjGAf8hcHMlsnpdscTA9noCTJxHgHr1SPWLUkTXiSgekKq1H3aIpYaG9bFB-Ym0FA8zRS7WMfYWZJP75VAzEH/s1600/296261_268322516521354_100000308222106_938308_104172135_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0HgJup4aFlm8CNW4v333XD5WM6gHPlsQTlXN61rcvzTXLo5t3dP8eO4PJjGAf8hcHMlsnpdscTA9noCTJxHgHr1SPWLUkTXiSgekKq1H3aIpYaG9bFB-Ym0FA8zRS7WMfYWZJP75VAzEH/s1600/296261_268322516521354_100000308222106_938308_104172135_n.jpg" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg4TuLvnQili2j-21gcGJvigsww31go78fG-2pY5iKKDjox-rK9W6zMvF_XrwT5-yz_S7iD8LgKHw8J7QTwuMPzg2JQuuD4HHCxbM9RlC0cTcH6uIrRC8Ch2HSRBcHLRnTrI9wTo_48Abe/s1600/300570_277029195650680_158797964140471_993266_1887982745_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjg4TuLvnQili2j-21gcGJvigsww31go78fG-2pY5iKKDjox-rK9W6zMvF_XrwT5-yz_S7iD8LgKHw8J7QTwuMPzg2JQuuD4HHCxbM9RlC0cTcH6uIrRC8Ch2HSRBcHLRnTrI9wTo_48Abe/s1600/300570_277029195650680_158797964140471_993266_1887982745_n.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 9pt 0cm 9pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 9pt 0cm 9pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">4. Sonadanda Sutta</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">While on tour, accompanied by five hundred Bhikkhus, the Buddha came to stay at the corner of a pond named Gaggara in the city of Champa, in Anga country. At that time there lived one Sonadanda, a Brahmana honoured by Seniya Bimbisara, the King of Magadha. He wanted to visit the Buddha. Other Brahmanas under him, when they heard of Sonadanda’s desire, not only advised him not to do so but also tried to prevent him from fulfilling this wish. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">They reasoned with him thus : “You, Sonadanda Brahmana, will lose prestige by visiting the Buddha, while that of the Buddha will increase. For this reason it would be more proper for the Buddha to come to visit you”. Sonadanda was not inclined to follow their advice against his intended visit; and began to speak well of the Buddha in various ways. He argued thus : “The Buddha has come here to our country as a guest. As such, we are bound to show him respect. We should respect, revere, honour, venerate him and show him every politeness. Having spoken thus, he then recounted several good qualities present in the Buddha without limit. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">After this Sonadanda Brahmana went to where the Buddha was said to sojourn at that time. But he suffered great mental distress as he considered what question he should ask of the Buddha. “Brahmana, this question should not be asked like this.” Such, a response from the Buddha might make the great gathering of visitors tease him. These thoughts made him nervous. If he should return without speaking a word to the Buddha, that again would lead to a decline in others’ respect for Sonadanda. With such doubts he reached the Buddha. The Buddha, the Blessed One, knew his doubts and questioned him on a subject in which Sonadanda was well versed : “Brahmana, what are the distinctive qualities that make one a true Brahmana ?” </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The answer of the Brahmana was : “The distinctive qualities of a true Brahmana are the followings : (1) His parents are to be of noble descent’ (2) He must be a master of the Vedas. (3) He must be handsome, attractive and dignified in bearing. (4) His character must be blameless and. (5) Lastly he must be full of wisdom and learning. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Thereupon, the Buddha, the Blessed One, asked him further : “Is it necessary for a true Brahmana to possess all these five qualities, or can one of these five be left out as not essential ?” Sonadonda agreed this could be so. In the same way, the Buddha asked whether two, or three, or four qualities might be regarded as not essential for a true Brahmana ? Sonadanda however came to take two of them as absolutely necessary, morality (Sila) and wisdom (Panna). Thus, under the pressure of critical questioning by the Buddha. Sonadanda had to abandon the caste system and accept morality (Sila) and pañña as essential for a true Brahman. <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha agreed with this position and explained that Pañña purified by morality and morality (Sila) purified by Pañña were the essential qualities of a true Brahmana. For wherever there is morality, there is sure to be pañña, and wherever there is Pañña, it is certain that we shall find morality as well. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">Sonadanda was convinced of the correctness of Buddha’s teaching and impressed thereby. He accepted householder discipleship, but could not do so openly, for he was afraid of adverse public opinion. Hence he begged the Buddha : “Oh, Gotama ! If I should happen to be sitting in the assembly and I fold both my hands towards you, please take it to mean that I stood up from my seat in order to greet you. If I unfold my turban, kindly consider it as my reverencing of you with my head. If I should happen to be in a chariot, and raise the whip up, please regard it as my getting down in honour of you. If I should close my umbrella, kindly interpret it as my obeisance to you.” </span></div></div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1627835518095565558.post-6682031257557090942011-10-15T03:40:00.000-07:002011-10-15T03:40:29.118-07:00A synoptic outline of the Suttas contained in the Digha Nikaya (a) Silakkhandha Vagga<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>MS</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0cm;
mso-para-margin-right:0cm;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0cm;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;
mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}
</style> <![endif]--> <br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgey4oQCevEpLIg_Xxm3XUl4gOnzyOzn66keXHOlv6qDbW2iO4Z2Csnbs0l7f50rWfiNxhRZ8HdZjUAx2xhGktLLluD_ai6_oGELgcJXAn3VsPH2r6VrdPkhGAZRw7t7AWoALRwBbcPrJpj/s1600/310124_180338888712953_100002105301608_398386_694418723_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgey4oQCevEpLIg_Xxm3XUl4gOnzyOzn66keXHOlv6qDbW2iO4Z2Csnbs0l7f50rWfiNxhRZ8HdZjUAx2xhGktLLluD_ai6_oGELgcJXAn3VsPH2r6VrdPkhGAZRw7t7AWoALRwBbcPrJpj/s1600/310124_180338888712953_100002105301608_398386_694418723_n.jpg" /></a></div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 9pt 0cm 9pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;"><br />
</div><div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 9pt 0cm 9pt 18pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -18pt;"><b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;">3. Ambattha Sutta</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 13pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">The Buddha was sojourning at Icchanangala, a village of Brahmans in Kosala country. At that time, there was a highly honoured Brahmana in that village named Pokkharasati. He sent a learned young disciple, Ambattha, to the Buddha in order to ascertain whether or not there were superior signs, thirty-two in number, in the body of the Buddha. Accompanied by his companions, Ambattha went to the Buddha. But, full of haughtiness stemming from his high caste status, he was not only impolite towards the Buddha, but he also disparaged the Shakyas as being inferior in caste and disrespectful to the Brahmanas, who are naturally higher. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">When the Buddha found out that the Brahmana disciple belonged to the Vedic Gotra (descent) Kanhayana, he recounted a bit of vedic lore which indicated that Ambattha was descended from someone who had been a slave of the Shakyas. Kanha, according to this lore, was a bastard son of a slave girl belonging to King Okkaka, the ancestor of the Shakyas. This revelation put Ambattha to shame and he sat there crest-fallen. From another customary point of view, the Buddha also showed that the caste of the Shakyas was superior to that of the Brahmanas. In support of this, he quoted the saying of Sanatakumara, the Brahma of the Brahma-loka. The purport of the saying was that whoever was possessed of superior knowledge and right conduct would be the best among human and heavenly beings. <a name='more'></a>read more</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 6pt 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.5pt;">After the interview with the Buddha, Ambattha returned to his teacher, Pokkharasati Brahmana, and reported to him all that he had heard and seen, including the thirty-two signs present in the body of the Buddha. Overjoyed with devotion, the Brahmana Pokkharasati went to the Buddha, the Blessed One, and, besides asking his pardon for the impolite behaviour of his disciple, was initiated into household discipleship at the hand of the Buddha. </span></div></div>တကၠသုိလ္ျမတ္မင္းhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02810384960364167648noreply@blogger.com0